Hepatitis Viruses

Question 1

what virus specifically targets the liver?

Answer 1

Hepatitis viruses

Question 2

where does the Hepatitis viruses infect and replicate?

Answer 2

hepatocytes

Question 3

T/F. Liver damage happens because of hepatitis virus and host responses.

Answer 3

true.

Question 4

Which virus is from the Picornaviridae virus family?

Answer 4

Hepatitis A

Question 5

Which virus is from the Hepadnaviridae family?

Answer 5

Hepatitis B

Question 6

Which virus is from the Flaviviridae family?

Answer 6

Hepatitis C

Question 7

Which virus is from the Deltaviridae family?

Answer 7

Hepatitis D

Question 8

Which virus is from the Calciviridae family?

Answer 8

Hepatitis E

Question 9

Which other virus is in the same family as Hepatitis A?

Answer 9

Polio virus (Picornaviridae family)

Question 10

Which Hepatitis viruses are (+) ssRNA?

Answer 10

Hep A, C, and E

ACE = +

Question 11

Which Hepatitis virus contains DNA? Is the DNA ds or ss?

Answer 11

Hep B has circular dsDNA

Question 12

Which RNA Hepatitis virus is minus sense?

Answer 12

Hep D

Question 13

What three Hepatitis viruses are enveloped?

Answer 13

Hep B, C and D (middle three)

Question 14

What two Hepatitis viruses are non-enveloped?

Answer 14

Hep A and E

Question 15

Which Hepatitis viruses are transmitted fecal-orally?

Answer 15

Hep A and E (vowels)

Question 16

Which Hepatitis viruses are transmitted sexually?

Answer 16

All Hepatitis viruses

Question 17

What two Hepatitis viruses are not transmitted vertically?

Answer 17

Hep A and E (vowels)

Question 18

T/F. Only Hep A is transmissed via parenteral route?

Answer 18

False. All Hepatitis viruses are transmitted parenterally.

Question 19

T/F. Hepatitis A, the cause of food poisoning, is associated with chronic liver disease deaths.

Answer 19

False, Hepatitis A, the cause of food poisoning, is NOT associated with chronic disease.

Question 20

T/F. More individuals in the US will test positive for antibodies to Hep A than Hep B or C.

Answer 20

True. Hepatitis A has a higher percent of the population seropositive for the virus.

Question 21

Hepatitis B is from the _________ family.

Answer 21

Hepadnaviridae

Question 22

Hep B’s genome is __DNA, the _____ genome of the human viruses.

Answer 22

ds; smallest

Question 23

Hep B’s virion is _____.

Answer 23

enveloped

Question 24

Among its many proteins, Hepatitis B contain _______ _______ because it has a RNA intermediate.

Answer 24

reverse transcriptase

Question 25

T/F. Hepatitis B can be grown in culture.

Answer 25

False.

Question 26

Hepatitis B produces many _____ particles present in infected people.

Answer 26

Empty | HBsAy

Question 27

How long is the incubation period for Hepatitis B?

Answer 27

30-180 days

Question 28

A patient presents with general malaise, anorexia, vomiting, fatigue, cough and serum-like sickness. Upon further evaluation you notice the patient's eyes are jaundiced. You suspect that this patient is suffering from a Hepatitis infection. A blood analysis would reveal elevated levels of what marker?

Answer 28

alanine-transaminase (ALT) levels

Question 29

How long is the recovery for a patient with Hepatitis infection after the onset of jaundice?

Answer 29

3-4 months

Question 30

what factor is found in the blood indicative of chronic hepatitis infection?

Answer 30

HBsAG for longer than 6 months confirms chronic infection.

Question 31

What symptoms are experienced by individuals with chronic hepatitis?

Answer 31

sporadic episodes of hepatitis cirrhosis of the liver increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) -HBV X gene/protein has tumorigenic potential

Question 32

T/F. The vaccine for Hepatitis B was the second approved recombinant vaccine for use in humans.

Answer 32

False. It was the first approved recombinant vaccine for use in humans.

Question 33

The vaccine for Hepatitis B requires multiple ______ and is not effective against ______ infection.

Answer 33

inoculations; chronic

Question 34

what drugs are used to treat chronic hepatitis infections?

Answer 34

interferon - alpha therapy | nucleoside analogs

Question 35

What Hepatitis virus requires active HBV infection?

Answer 35

Hep D virus

Question 36

The _____ genome of the Hepatitis D virus encodes for ______ (one/two/three) protein(s).

Answer 36

RNA; one

Question 37

Hepatitis D virus is a _____ agent.

Answer 37

subviral. Rare in humans. Only other example is adeno-associated virus (AAV) which requires adenovirus infection.

Question 38

Hepatitis C is from the _____ family and has a (+) ___ RNA genome.

Answer 38

Flaviviridae; ss

Question 39

T/F. Hepatitis C virus is non-enveloped.

Answer 39

False. Hepatitis C virus is enveloped.

Question 40

Where does Hepatitis C replicate?

Answer 40

cytoplasm

Question 41

During translation of the Hepatitis C virus, it is missing ____ and is recognized by ___ ___ ___ ___ (IRES)

Answer 41

cap; Internal Ribosome Entry Site

Question 42

T/F. Hepatitis C has less milder signs and symptoms than Hep B and therefore does not cause chronic infections.

Answer 42

False. Hepatitis C is milder but 80% of infections become chronic.

Question 43

Is there a vaccine for Hepatitis C?

Answer 43

No, interferon -alpha treatment is used.

Question 44

Describe the extrahepatic disease associated with Hepatitis C infection.

Answer 44

Mixed cryoglobulinemia - antibody and virus complexes deposit in other tissues (kidneys) and elicit an immune response and subsequent tissue damage.

Question 45

How is Hepatitis A infection caused?

Answer 45

Ingestion of fecally contaminated food or water

Question 46

How long is the incubation period for Hepatitis A?

Answer 46

15-40 days

Question 47

How long does it take for Hepatitis A infections to resolve?

Answer 47

8 weeks post infection

Question 48

T/F. There is no vaccine for Hepatitis A.

Answer 48

False.

Question 49

What type of disease does Hepatitis E cause?

Answer 49

foodborne and waterborne hepatitis

Question 50

In what population does infection with Hepatitis E cause a life-threatening disease?

Answer 50

Pregnant women

Question 51

Is there a vaccine for Hep E?

Answer 51

no.