Histology I Oct4 M1

Question 1

general plan of resp system

Answer 1

• mucosa (epith layer + LP)
• submucosa (muscle, glands, cartilage)
• aventitia

Question 2

lamina propria characteristics

Answer 2

loose CT, cellular, few fibers, some elastic fibers

Question 3

submucosa characteristics

Answer 3

dense irregular CT, more fibers, collagen

Question 4

adventitia characteristics and function

Answer 4

dense irregular CT. connects with adventitia of other organs around

Question 5

epithelium name and charac in resp

Answer 5

respiratory epith.

• pseudostratified columnar ciliated
• goblet cells

Question 6

what portion of resp conducting system contain a lot of elastic fibers in submucosa

Answer 6

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles

Question 7

two types of cartilage and location

Answer 7

elastic (larynx), hyaline (nasal septum, trachea and downwards)

Question 8

serous vs mucous gland histo

Answer 8

mucous don’t stain well on H and E bc lot of glycoprot

Question 9

5 cell type in resp epith.

Answer 9

• ciliated cells
• goblet cells
• brush cells
• small granule cell or argentaffin cell or DNES cells
• short cells

Question 10

brush cells charact

Answer 10

only on EM. might be sensory

Question 11

argentaffin cells charact

Answer 11

contain granules, only silver nitrate stain, secrete serotonin and epinephrine basally to regul capillaries in LP

Question 12

short cells charact

Answer 12

stem cells, cause of problems in trchea and bronchi

Question 13

resp epith lower vs upper nuclei rows

Answer 13

upper row: ciliated, goblet cells, brush cells

lower row: argentaffin and short cells

Question 14

cilia axoneme structure

Answer 14

nine pairs of mtbs + central pair

Question 15

axoneme peripheral mtb pairs vs central pair

Answer 15

peripheral: 10 + 13 filaments form mtb
central: 13 + 13 filaments form mtb

Question 16

proteins in axoneme and consequence of mutations

Answer 16

dynein arms, nexins, radial spokes, inner sheaths

mutation: IMMOTILE SYNDROME

Question 17

dynein arms: what

Answer 17

attach to complete mtbs on periphery of axoneme (provide motility)

Question 18

nexin: what

Answer 18

attaches 2 peripheral mtb pairs

Question 19

radial spoke: what

Answer 19

attaches peripheral pairs of mtbs to central sheath

Question 20

basic monomer of mtbs

Answer 20

tubulin (alpha and beta, 2 dif genes)

Question 21

structure at base of cilia and charact

Answer 21

basal bodies. no central mtbs. 9 peripheral triplets of mtbs. inner and middle mtb continuous with axoneme. 3rd stops at plasma membrane

Question 22

symptoms of primary ciliary diskenesia (dynein mutaiton)

Answer 22

infertility (sperm cilia),

situs invertus, chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis

Question 23

cilia in sperm

Answer 23

9 peripheral mtb pairs and one central pair

Question 24

goblet cell charact + on histo

Answer 24

lot of granules, extensive golgi, glycoprotein vesicles (granules). stain bad

Question 25

CF pathophysiology resp

Answer 25

mutation in CFTR (choride channel) doesn't translocate at membrane, GOBLET CELL doesn't pump fluid. rigid mucous, bronchiectasis

Question 26

CF affects what other organs and how

Answer 26

pancreas, reprod system (vas deferens closed)

Question 27

where olfactory epithelium found

Answer 27

nasal cavity, upper conchae to floor of ethmoid bone

Question 28

nasal septum location and composition

Answer 28

middle of nasal cavities (separates it in two). HYALINE CARTILAGE

Question 29

olfactory epithelium: what cell type absent

Answer 29

goblet cells

Question 30

olfactory epith: 3 cell types

Answer 30

- columnar cells or sustentacular cells - modified neurons - basal cells

Question 31

olfact epith: upper vs lower nuclei rows

Answer 31

upper: columnar or sust cells lower: neurons, basal cells

Question 32

olf epith: columnar cells charact

Answer 32

microvilli. granules like in goblet cells.

Question 33

olf epith: neurons portions (5)

Answer 33

body, dendrite, bulb, cilia, axon

Question 34

olf epith: neuron's bulb and cilia charact

Answer 34

- bulb has 6 to 8 olfact cilia | - cilia has 9 periph mtb pairs + 2 central

Question 35

olf epith: neuron's axon charac

Answer 35

unmyelinated, surrounded by Schwann cells, joins other axons to form fila olfactoria (unmyel nerve in LP)

Question 36

olf epith: basal cell charac

Answer 36

embrases neuron shape. some are stem cells

Question 37

LP below olfact epith (2 charact)

Answer 37

- Bowmann's glands (serous glands, stain well) | - fila olfactoria

Question 38

resp epith location in nasal cavity

Answer 38

lower part

Question 39

LP below resp epith of nasal cavity: 2 things to note

Answer 39

- serous glands | - some glands in submucosa too