Histology II Oct4 M2

Question 1

name of muscle in trachea’s submucosa + where

Answer 1

trachialis muscle. between ends of hyaline cartilage C ring

Question 2

glands found in trachea’s submucosa

Answer 2

serous acini and mucous acini

Question 3

pulm bronchus: mucosa diff with trachea

Answer 3

epith has less goblet cells (want less mucous bc narrower)

Question 4

pulm bronchus: submucosa diff with trachea

Answer 4

• plates of hyaline cartilage (discontinuous)
• SM is continuous
• ONLY SEROUS GLANDS

Question 5

pulm bronchus: disposition of SM and cartilage

Answer 5

SM is oblique and wraps around bornchus in diff directions

Cartilage also oblique and goes in diff directions. is continuous

Question 6

pulm bronchus: SM position relative to cartilage and glands

Answer 6

between cartilage and LP. Is most luminal portion of submucosa

Question 7

regular bronchiole: mucosa diff with bronchus

Answer 7

• festum shape
• COLUMNAR
• no goblet cells
• LP less prominent (in the festum area)

Question 8

regular bronchiole: submucosa diff with bronchus

Answer 8

• almost entirely SM cells
• NO CARTILAGE
• rare SEROUS glands

Question 9

regular bronchiole: adventitia diff with bronchus

Answer 9

more tiny

Question 10

terminal bronchiole: mucosa diff with regular bronchiole

Answer 10

• still columnar
• ciliated columnar cells + non-ciliated clara or club cells producing surfactant
• little bit of LP

Question 11

terminal bronchiole: submucosa diff with regular bronchiole

Answer 11

• SM is only 1-2 layers

- NO glands

Question 12

terminal bronchiole: adventitia diff with regular bronchiole

Answer 12

can be there but thinner

Question 13

main diff between resp bronchiole and terminal bronchiole

Answer 13

resp is segmented (1-3 interruptions)

Question 14

resp bronchiole: epith diff with term bronchiole

Answer 14

• no columnar cells
• only CUBOIDAL club cells
• no LP

Question 15

resp bronchiole: submucosa diff with term bronchiole

Answer 15

1-2 layers of SM

Question 16

resp bronchiole: adventitia diff with term bronchiole

Answer 16

no adventitia

Question 17

alveolar duct main diff with resp bronchiole

Answer 17

much more segmented

Question 18

alveolar duct remaining histo layers

Answer 18

epithelium. SQUAMOUS club cells

Question 19

cell types in avleoli (7)

Answer 19

pneumocyte 1
pneumocyte 2
free alv macrophage
fixed macrophage
endothelial cell
fibrocyte
monocyte

Question 20

alveolar pore def + other name

Answer 20

small opening between 2 alveoli when wall is incomplete

Pore of Kohn

Question 21

pneumocyte type 1 def

Answer 21

flat cell, rests on BM, most of surface of alveoli

Question 22

pneumocyte type 2 def

Answer 22

bulky cell embedded in epith lining, rests on BM

Question 23

free macrophage function and what they do after

Answer 23

clear debris in airspace and then become fixed

Question 24

alv septum: fiber found

Answer 24

elastin

Question 25

endothelial cells: what type

Answer 25

squamous simple epith

Question 26

pneumocyte type 2: important structures inside (2)

Answer 26

- mutli vesicular bodies (membrane with small vesicles inside), fuses with lamellar bodies - lamellar bodies: contain surfactant

Question 27

surfactant composition (is in lamellar bodies)

Answer 27

surfactant protein A,B,C,D + lecithin (phospholipid)

Question 28

BM function in alveolar wall

Answer 28

shared between endothelial cells and pneumocyte type 1

Question 29

emphysema pathophysiology (2)

Answer 29

- macrophages move to septum releasing elastases | - cigarette smoking inhibits synthesis of lactic fiber

Question 30

last pseudostratified epith

Answer 30

in bronchus

Question 31

last hyaline cartilage containing structrure

Answer 31

bronchus

Question 32

first structure with club cells

Answer 32

terminal bronchiole

Question 33

last structure with columnar cells

Answer 33

terminal bronchiole

Question 34

last structure with adventitia

Answer 34

terminal bronchiole

Question 35

last structure with goblet cells

Answer 35

pulm bronchus

Question 36

last structure with capillaries

Answer 36

terminal bronchiole

Question 37

last structure with serous glands

Answer 37

regular bronchiole

Question 38

last structure with lamina propria

Answer 38

terminal bronchiole