Pneumonia Oct20 M2,3

Question 1

pneumonia: how can surpass host defenses (3)

Answer 1

defect in host defense, highly virulent, overwhelming bacteria

Question 2

3 types of pneumonia

Answer 2

bacteria, viruses, fungus

Question 3

3 categories of bacterial pneumonias

Answer 3

typical, atypical and selected populations

Question 4

typical bacterial pneumonia principal organism

Answer 4

streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 5

atypical bacterial pneumonia principal organism

Answer 5

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 6

selected populations bacterial pneumonia principal organisms (2)

Answer 6

staphylococcus aureus

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 7

most common cause of pneumonia

Answer 7

streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 8

streptococcus pneumoniae description + what kind of infection

Answer 8

gram positive diplococcus, lobar pneumonia, inflammatory edema fills alveolar airspace and spreads through pores of Kohn

Question 9

streptococcus pneumoniae on CXR

Answer 9

air bronchograms, whole lobe affected. (consolidation)

Question 10

mycoplasma pneumoniae affects who mostly

Answer 10

healthy young adults

Question 11

mycoplasma pneumoniae why atypical

Answer 11

bc can be counfounded with virus bc of the symptoms (headache, sore throat, aches, pains

Question 12

mycoplasma pneumoniae intensity

Answer 12

mild

Question 13

mycoplasma pneumoniae CXR and CT

Answer 13

interstitial pattern. ground glass opacities and nodules on CT

Question 14

staphylococcus aureus gram, acquired where

Answer 14

gram positive, hospital acquired

Question 15

streptococcus pneumonia acquired where

Answer 15

community

Question 16

staphylococcus aureus susceptible hosts

Answer 16

post-influenza, children, elderly

Question 17

staphylococcus aureus type of lung infection + give pathology

Answer 17

bronchopneumonia. airways involved, rapid spread, necrosis, cavitation, tissue destruction, empyeme, abcess

Question 18

staphylococcus aureus on CXR

Answer 18

bronchopneumonia, no air bronchograms, atelectasis, pleural effusion

Question 19

staphylococcus aureus CT

Answer 19

patchy

Question 20

pseudomonas aeruginosa gram and acquired where

Answer 20

hospital acquired, gram negative

Question 21

pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptible hosts

Answer 21

underlying disease

Question 22

virus pneumonia main organisms

Answer 22

infuenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus

Question 23

influenza pneumonia susceptible hosts

Answer 23

elderly, nursing home, children

Question 24

influenza pneumonia risk it has

Answer 24

bacterial superinfection (ex. S.aureus after the infection)

Question 25

influenza pneumonia: what pattern of infection

Answer 25

interstitial

Question 26

aspiration pneumonia what type of organism

Answer 26

virus

Question 27

aspiration pneumonia: who at risk + characteristics

Answer 27

elderly, poor mental status. gram negative anaerobes

Question 28

what to look at in diagnosis of pneumonia

Answer 28

make sure have pneumonia, risk factors, cause of pneumonia

Question 29

what to look at in assessment of pneumonia

Answer 29

how sick they are, complications

Question 30

how to manage pneumonia

Answer 30

need to be admitted? treatment? complications need treatment?

Question 31

symptoms of pneumonia

Answer 31

cough, fever, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, atypical symptoms

Question 32

physical signs of pneumonia

Answer 32

tachypnea, hypoxemia, cyanosis, accessory resp muscles

Question 33

CXR use in pneumonia

Answer 33

find type of infection (ID organism) + severity

Question 34

what organisms cause interstitial pneumonia

Answer 34

mycoplasma pneumonia, influenza

Question 35

what organisms cause lobar pneumonia

Answer 35

streptococcus pneumonia

Question 36

what organisms cause bronchopneumonia

Answer 36

staphylococcus aureus

Question 37

criteria to make us thing it's pneumonia rather than bronchitis

Answer 37

short lived, viral symptoms (sneezing, sore throat), fever

Question 38

risk factors for pneumonia

Answer 38

age, viral infections, comorbidities, abnormal host defense (cilia)

Question 39

community acquired pneumonias and age groups affected

Answer 39

- respiratory viruses (children and young adults) - atypicals (mycoplasma) (young adults) - strept. (elderly)

Question 40

nocosomial pneumonias

Answer 40

- strept. - influenza - staph and pseudomonas

Question 41

pleural fluid analysis helps find what

Answer 41

inflammation if find pus, pH for complicated or not

Question 42

antibiotic treatment of pneumonia principle

Answer 42

try to target for the microorganism involved

Question 43

gram - organisms found where

Answer 43

in hospital so can figure that if hospital acquired (s.aureus (is positive ...), pseudomonas)

Question 44

important in management of pneumonia

Answer 44

prompt treatment and follow up for treatment response is very important