Histology Of The Respiratory System Flashcards
(34 cards)
Where can you find respiratory epithelium
It lines the tubular portion of the respiratory tract
What are characteristics of respiratory epithelium
Pseudostratified - all cells are in contract with the basement membrane
Ciliated epithelial cells
Interspersed goblet cells
What is the function of the nose
Filtration
Humidification
Warming
Olfaction
What tissue makes up the nose
Keratinising and non-keratinising squamous epithelium
Respiratory epithelium
What are the functions of the nasopharynx
Gas transport
Humidification
Warming
Olfaction
What tissue lines the nasopharynx
Respiratory epithelium
What lines the nasal sinuses
Respiratory epithelium
What are the functions of the nasal sinuses
Lower the weight of the skull
Add resonance to the voice
Humidify and warm air which is inspired
What makes up the larynx
Cartilaginous box
Respiratory epithelium
Loose fibrocollagenous stroma with seromucinous
Lymphatics and blood vessels
What is the function of the vocal cords
Voice production
What makes up the vocal cords
Stratified squamous epithelium overlying loose irregular fibrous tissue
What is the function of the trachea
Conducts air to and from the lungs
What makes up the trachea
Respiratory epithelium
Seromucinous glands in submucosa
Trachealis muscles posteriorly
C-shaped cartilagenous rings
Where are Clara cells most numerous
In terminal bronchioles
Where are respiratory bronchiole found
They are found in the first part of the distal respiratory tract
What is the purpose of respiratory bronchioles
They link terminal bronchioles with alveolar ducts
Gas exchange
Transportation
What tissue makes up respiratory bronchioles
Cuboidal ciliated epithelium
Spirally arranged smooth muscle
No cartilage
What are the different type of alveoli
Can be Type 1 pneumocytes or type 2 pneumocytes or alveolar macrophages
What are characteristics of type 1 pneumocytes
Flattened cells
Flattened nucleus
Few organelles
What are characteristics of type 2 pneumocytes
Rounded cell
Rounded nucleus
Rich in mitochondria, smooth ER and spherical bodies
What do type 2 pneumocytes do
They produce surfactant
What is the function of alveolar macrophages
Phagocytose particulates including dust and bacteria
What makes up the blood air barrier
A fused basement membrane of a type 1 pneumocyte with a capillary
What is the visceral pleura made up of
Flat mesothelial cells
Loose fibrocollagenous connective tissue
Irregular external elastic layer
Interstitial fibrocollagenous layer
Irregular internal elastic layer
