Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Histology Of The Urinary Tract > Flashcards

Histology Of The Urinary Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the nephron

A

Glomerulus
Proximal convoluted tubule
Thick limb of loop of henle
Thin limb of the loop of henle
Distal convoluted tubule
Collecting duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the different parts of the kidney

A

Cortex
Medulla
Pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are characteristics of the glomerulus

A

Tufts of convoluted fenestrated capillaries

Glomerular basement membrane

Lined by podocytes

Supported by mesangial cells

Encased in bowman’s capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 2 components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus

A

Afferent arteriole
Distal convoluted tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the role of the juxtaglomerular apparatus

A

Secretes renin in response to low blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the distal convoluted tubule contribute to in the juxtaglomerular apparatus

A

The macula densa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are characteristics of the proximal convoluted tubule

A

Cuboidal epithelium

Round central/basal nuclei

Brush border of microvilli at apical end

Many mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the role of the proximal convoluted tubule

A

Reabsorption of NaCl, proteins, polypeptides, amino acids and glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are characteristics of the loop of henle

A

Made up of descending and ascending limbs

Thick and thin segments

Thin = simple squamous
Thick = low cuboidal

Supplied by rich vasa recta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are characteristics of the distal convoluted tubule

A

Low cuboidal epithelium

Scanty microvilli

Numerous mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the role of the distal convoluted tubule

A

Regulates acid base by secreting H+ and absorbing HCO3- via cellular carbonic anhydrase

Regulates Na levels by exchanging Na for K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the characteristics of the collecting ducts

A

Cuboidal epithelium

Principal cells

Intercalated cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of the principal cells of the collecting duct

A

They respond to aldosterone and ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the role of intercalated cells of the collecting duct

A

Exchanges H+ for HCO3-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the kidneys blood supply originate from

A

Abdominal aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

At what level does the the real artery level the abdominal aorta

A

The renal artery levels at the level of L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where does the loop of henle descend into

A

Descends into the medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What lines the renal pelvis

A

Urothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the role of the renal pelvis

A

Transmits filtrate from the nephron to the ureter

20
Q

What is urothelium

A

Specialised epithelium of the urinary tract
Complex stratified epithelium
Layer of umbrella cells

21
Q

What are characteristics of ureters

A

Transitional epithelium

Spiral muscular tube

No serosa

Loose Adventitia

22
Q

What are characteristics of the bladder

A

Urothelium
Lamina propria
Submucosa
Muscularis propria
Sub serosa and serosa
Functional valve

23
Q

What are characteristics of the female urethra

A

Proximally = transitional epithelium
Distally = squamous epithelium

Has paraurethral and periurethral glands

24
Q

How long is the female urethra

A

4-5cm long

25
Q

How long is the male urethra

A

20cm long

26
Q

What are the 3 parts that make up the male urethra

A

Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Penile urethra

27
Q

What lines the membranous urethra

A

Urothelium

28
Q

What lines the penile urethra

A

Pseudo stratified epithelium proximally
Stratified squamous epithelium distally

29
Q

What do the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder and urethra all have in common

A

They all have the same urothelial lining

30
Q

Where is this

A

Female urethra

31
Q

Where is this

A

Male urethra

32
Q

Where is this

A

Bladder

33
Q

What is this

A

Ureter

34
Q

What tissue is this

A

Urothelium

35
Q

What are the arrows pointing to

A

The left arrow = macula densa
The right arrow = juxtaglomerular cells

36
Q

What are the arrows pointing to

A

The left arrow = basement membrane
The bottoms central arrow = capillary lumen
The bottom right arrow = endothelial cell
The middle right arrow = foot processes
The top right arrow = podocyte

37
Q

What are the arrows pointing to

A

Top arrow = capillary endothelial cell
Bottom arrow = mesangial cells

38
Q

Where is this from

A

Renal medulla

39
Q

What is this showing

A

Medullary ray

40
Q

Where is this

A

Renal cortex

41
Q

Where is this from

A

Collecting duct

42
Q

Where is this

A

Distal convoluted tubule

43
Q

Where is this from

A

Thin limb of the loop of henle

44
Q

What is this

A

Glomerulus

45
Q

Where is this

A

Thick limb of the loop of henle

46
Q

Where is this

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

Histology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions