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history chapter 17 Flashcards

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0
Q

Jiang jieshi

A

Southwestern Chinese leader who led the nationalist forces

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1
Q

Mao Zedong

A

Chinas leader who held a communist way of leading his stronghold in northwestern china

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2
Q

Commune

A

In communist china, a collective farm on which a great number of people work and live together

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3
Q

Red guards

A

Militia units formed by young Chinese people in 1966 in response to Zedongs call for social and cultural revolution

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4
Q

Cultural revolution

A

1966-1976 uprising in china led by red guards with goal of est a society of peasants and workers in which all were equal

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5
Q

38th parallel

A

A line that crosses Korea at 38 degrees north latitude. Separates NK from SK

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6
Q

Douglas MacArthur

A

General who commanded fighting communism and wanting to end it by wwiii

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7
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

Young Vietnamese nationalist who ruled north Vietnam by crushing all opposition

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8
Q

Domino theory

A

The idea that if a nation falls under communist control nearby nations will also fall under communist control

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9
Q

Ngo dinh diem

A

To the south of the 17th parallel he was the leader of anti communist govt set up by France and US

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10
Q

Vietcong

A

A group of communist guerrillas who with help of north Vietnam fought against south Vietnamese govt in Vietnam

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11
Q

Vietnamization

A

President nixons strategy for ending US involvement in Vietnam war involving American troop withdrawal and replacement of them with south Vietnamese forces

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12
Q

Khmer Rouge

A

A group of communist rebels who seized power in Cambodia in 1975

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13
Q

China accepting communism

A

.

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14
Q

Korea

A

Explain what mr Edmonds said yesterday

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15
Q

Vietnam

A

Much like the US involvement in Korean War, us inning Vietnam stemmed from its Cold War containment policy

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16
Q

June 25, 1950

A

When NK attacked SK by crossing the 38th parallel

Truman stunned… He ordered immediate naval and air support for SK and Truman turns to MacArthur

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17
Q

August 1950

A

NKs have taken Seoul MacArthur is planning counterattack behind inchun and commissioned a battalion of the southern ip near Pusan
Operation pincher zone
Pincher zone did not work it couldn’t push to Korean strait- NK escaped but it did clear out SK the NK are gone

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18
Q

October 14, 1950

A

Truman meets MacArthur in wake islands… The first of 17 meetings
Truman makes known he wants to stick to the status quo and go back to plan before 6/25
MacArthur disagrees he wants to launch attack into NK for democratic govt in china he also wants 30-50 atomic bombs ( one for Beijing and second one for shanghai) after china falls he wants to attack Soviet Union

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19
Q

November 26, 1950

A

Chinese foreign minister calls for 300000 peasant volunteer farmers to line at Yalu river waiting for chinese invasion, then calls 1.5 million Chinese soldiers to back up them

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20
Q

Fired MacArthur

A

He crossed the Yalu river even when Truman told him no, then Truman fired MacArthur

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21
Q

United Nations

A

An international peacekeeping organization founded in 1945 to provide security to nations of the world

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22
Q

Iron curtain

A

During Cold War, the boundary separating the communist nations of Eastern Europe from the mostly democratic nations of Western Europe

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23
Q

Containment

A

US foreign policy adopted by president Truman in late 1940s… Tried to stop spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weak countries to resist soviet advances

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24
Truman doctrine
Announced by president Truman in 1947 a US policy of giving economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents
25
Marshall plan
A US program of economic aid to European countries to help them rebuild after WWII
26
Cold War
State of diplomatic hostility between US and Soviet Union in decades following WWII War of words between 2 superpowers
27
NATO
North Atlantic treaty organization
28
Warsaw Pact
A military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and seven Eastern European countries
29
Brinkmanship
A policy of threatening to go to war in response to any enemy aggression
30
Third world
During Cold War, he developing nations not allied with either the US or SU
31
Nonaligned patrons
The independent countries that remained neutral on the Cold War competition between the US and SU
32
Fidel Castro
A harsh Cuban dictator who suspended elections, jailed or executed opponents, and tightly co trolling the press
33
Anastasio Somoza
Dictator of Nicaragua in 1979 when the Sandinista rebels toppled his son. Both the US and SU initially gave aid to Sandinistas and their leader
34
Daniel Ortega
Leader of the Sandinistas who wa striven aid by the US and SU
35
Ayatollah ruholla Khomeini
Leader of the religious opposition who lived in exile
36
Nikita Khrushchev
Became dominant soviet leader after Stalin died in 1953- started desalinization or purging the country of Stalins memory
37
Leonid Brezhnev
Khrushchev's replacement who quickly adopted repressive domestic policies. The party enforced laws to limit basic human rights such as freedom of speech and worship
38
John F Kennedy
During his presidency in the early 60s the Cuban missile crisis made superpower of nuclear weapons a real possibility
39
Lyndon Johnson
The Vice President of Kennedy who became president after Kennedy's assassination in 1963
40
Détente
A policy of lessening Cold War tensions
41
Richard M Nixon
President Nixon replaced brinkmanship with detente out of a philosophy known as realpolitik- which comes from the German word meaning realistic politics
42
SALT
Strategic arms limitation talks- a series of meetings in 70 s in which leaders of the US and SU agreed to limit their nations stock of nuclear weapons
43
Ronald Reagan
A fiercely anti communist president who took office in 1981 and continued to move away from detente
44
Superior weaponry
The US had great weaponry while the Vietcong did not so they used hit and run and ambush tactics as well as use of the knowledge of the jungle terrain, to their advantage
45
Jungle terrain
It was a jungle, very thick as in sometimes you cant see your hand if you stick it out in front of you. Easy to lay booby traps and worked for the advantage of the Vietcong
46
"Booby traps"
Both sides used these but the vietcongs proved the most beneficial. For example a lady seeking soda in the market may wait until plenty US soldiers come near, then blow herself and the others up. He US would plant them in the terrain but be seen by Vietcong, disabled by them and reused on the Americans
47
Submerged entrance
The US would be after the Vietcong and they would escape into a pond and not come out while the US were waiting. Instead they went through the tunnels and traveled backwards sopping wet and they would attack the US from behind
48
Winston Churchill
.British prime minister, good friends with FDR, possibly the most powerful weapon the British had as they stood alone against hitler and Germany
49
Nguyen that thanh
The name of the Vietnamese patriot was born with in 1890, we know him as Ho Chi Minh
50
Communist
These practices were taking over the SU, china, Korea, Vietnam, etc. in which everyone is treated equally and given equally
51
Excomm
Group of 14 advisors selected by JFK from the national security council who discuss alternatives to the Cuban missile crisis Most prefer military action rather than a blockade
52
The 17th parallel
The line separating north Vietnam from south Vietnam, similar to the 38 th parallel in Korea.
53
The yalta agreement
At Yalta, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin made important decisions regarding the future progress of the war and the postwar world.
54
The Yalu river
Separates North Korea from china at northern part of Korea, Mao Zedong ordered many red guards and volunteers to set up there preventing an invasion
55
MASH units
Mobile army supply hospital whose purpose was to provide emergency medical care to American and un foot soldiers on the frontline of the war. "Meatball" surgical procedures
56
The superpowers
The US and the SU were definitely the biggest superpowers at the time, both were very controlling and worked for their matter of justice
57
The Berlin airlift
From June 48 to may 49 allied planes took off and landed every three minutes in West Berlin
58
Apollo 1
planned to be the first manned mission of the Apollo manned lunar landing but ended in a fatal fire during a test and killed all crew members
59
Sputnik 1
the first artificial Earth satellite put up by Russians
60
Raul Castro
Raul Castro became Cuba's leader when his elder brother, Fidel, died whose early defining political characteristic was nationalism.
61
October 16, 1962
JFK finds out about the missiles by the CIA and he selects exComm
62
October 22,1962...noon
SAC initiates a massive alert of its b52 nuclear bomber force, this is the first time in history all aircraft are armed with nuclear weapons
63
October 22 1962...7pm
JFK announces to America of the soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba are under our presence. 17 minutes long
64
October 24 1962...10am
Two soviet ships, the Gagarin and the Komiles are within a few miles of the lien a soviet submarine has positioned itself between the ships
65
Alger Hiss
an American lawyer, government official, author, and lecturer. He was involved in the establishment of the United Nations both as a U.S. State Department and U.N. official.
66
Inchon
.
67
Hong Kong
Capital city of communist China- with major economic activity
68
Penicillin
The primary drug used in the MASH units which cured almost everything and eventually ended up in the black market
69
Seoul
Capitol of South Korea which was overthrown by North Korea in the Korean War
70
Fallout Shelters
70% of American families have a "bomb shelter" in their backyard which could sustain them for 2-3 weeks until they had to go out and die of devastation
71
The SS-5's
Have ranges of up to 2,200 nautical miles
72
Andrei Gromyko
The number two man in the Soviet Union

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