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history semester 1finals Flashcards

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0
Q

“star wars”

A

The media ( magazines and newspapers) called the nuclear attacks “star wars” after the movie because the attacks seemed too new and futuristic

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1
Q

The Roosevelt corollary

A

President TR 1904 extension of the Monroe doctrine which he declared that the USA had the right to exercise “police power” throughout the western hemisphere

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2
Q

1823

A

The year the Monroe doctrine was put out

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3
Q

“SDI”

A

Strategic defense initiative- defense system against the nuclear attacks on the USA

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4
Q

Imperialism

A

Policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially

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5
Q

The Truman doctrine

A

Announced by president Harry Truman in 1947, a US policy of giving economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external conflicts

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6
Q

1983

A

The year argentines elected Raul alfonsin president in Argentinas first free election in 37 years

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7
Q

Suez canal

A

Human made waterway opened in 1869, connecting the red sea and the mediterranean sea

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8
Q

Geopolitics

A

A foreign policy based on a consideration of the strategic locations or products of other lands

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9
Q

Annexation

A

The adding of a region to the territory of an existing political unit

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10
Q

Mr. Dole

A

An American businessman whose produce company helped the US in the annexation of Hawaii

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11
Q

Malaria

A

Deadly disease that acted as a favor for Africa against British, 3symptoms: 1. Extreme fever (102-106 for 2-5 days), 2. Extreme nausea (2-5 days), 3. Fatigue (30-100 days after first two symptoms) ; all concurrent

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12
Q

The Berlin conference

A

1884-1885 meeting at which reps of european nations agreed upon rules for the European colonization of Africa

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13
Q

Natural selection

A

“survival of the fittest”, your gene pool, you must be strong and smart in order to succeed

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14
Q

National pride

A

Feeling of proudness and joy for your country. No country can top yours

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15
Q

Africa in relation to imperialism

A

1st country top be truly taken over by an imperialistic society because of their weak military and unorganized govt

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16
Q

James watt

A

Mathematical instrument maker at the university of Glasgow in Scotland who made a faster and more efficient steam engine in 1765

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17
Q

Capitalism

A

Completely on your own, more effort put in, more you get out, Laissez faire

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18
Q

Communism

A

Everything is taken care of for you. Govt is big brother

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19
Q

Socialism, Obama

A

Economic system which factors of production are owned by the public and operate for the welfare of all., blend between capitalism and communism

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20
Q

Laissez faire

A

Idea that govt should not interfere with or regulate industries and business

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21
Q

Samuel slater

A

Smuggled the design of the spinning machine to the us

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22
Q

Waltham, Massachusetts

A

Birthplace of America’s textile industry, where Francis Cabot Lowell and his partners factory was

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23
Q

John mcadam

A

Scottish engineer who equipped the railroad

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24
Technology
Application of knowledge and learning new things to solve problems, keeps on improving
25
King Louis XVI
King of France during 1770s and 80s who spent extravagantly, and drove the nation into much debt
26
The guillotine
Machine for beheading people, used for execution during the French revolution
27
Maximillien Robespierre
Jacobin leader who slowly gained power and set out to build a "republic of virtue"
28
Marie Antoinette
Louis XVIs queen, big gambler, unpopular with the French people because of her spending habits
29
The "Crossing of the Alps"
Napoleons deceiving portrait made to look as if he were taller by riding a tiny horse
30
Reign of terror
Period of robespierres dictatorship in France
31
The 1st estate
Members of the catholic church, very,very rich, clergy, pope, priests, nuns, etc. less than 1%
32
The 3rd estate
97% of people, peasant farmers, serfs, very, very poor, wanted to earn money
33
Geocentric theory
Belief that earth was center of the universe- false accusation
34
Thomas Jefferson
Political leader who wrote declaration of independence based on ideas of John Locke and the enlightenment
35
Heliocentric theory
Correct idea that the earth and planets revolved around the sun
36
John Locke
Philosopher who believed people were well enough to be self governed, he had trust in people, believed all people had three natural rights: life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness
37
Enlightenment
A 18th century European movement, philosophes applied principles of reason and scientific method to all aspects of society
38
Voltaire
That's Francis Marie arouets pen name, he believed people should be entitled to their opinion
39
Divine right theory
Idea that God created the monarchy and that the monarch acted as Gods rep on earth
40
Absolute monarch
Kings or queens who held all the power within their states boundaries
41
Czar
An emporer, ruler of Russia until 1917 revolution
42
Spanish armada
1588 attempt by Philip II to punish Protestant England and Elizabeth I however Philip was defeated
43
Catholicism
Religion firmly practiced by charlesV and his son, Philip II
44
Peter the great
One of Russia's greatest reformers who continued to increase czars power
45
Francis Xavier
French king who claimed throne of Naples and launched an invasion through northern Italy
46
Hongwu
Peasants son who commanded rebel army that drove the Mongols out of china in 1368
47
Yonglo
Hongwus son who continued many of his fathers policies but moved the royal court to Beijing
48
Treaty of tordesillas
1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, newly discovered land to west of imaginary line in at Antic belongs to Spain and the lands to the east of the line belong to Portugal
49
Prince Henry
Aka Henry the navigator- portugals most enthusiastic supporter of exploration
50
The age of exploration
Brought together people of different lands and permanently changed the world
51
The caravel
Versatile ship with triangular sails, a lateen sail, and a rudder that could travel up to 29 mph
52
The Ming dynasty
Chinese dynasty that ruled from 1368-1644
53
The lateen sail
Feature that allowed ship to sail into the wind
54
Tacking
Sailing method of a zigzag course towards the wind
55
Sextant
Replaced astrolabe, determined the latitude and longitude
56
The Dutch east India company
Founded by Dutch in early 17th century to establish and direct trade throughout Asia
57
Sultan
"overlord" or "one with power" , title for ottoman rulers during rise of the ottoman empire
58
Timur the lame
Rebellious warrior who halted expansion of ottoman empire- narcissistic
59
Akbur
Means great, baburs grandson who ruled India with wisdom and tolerance from 1556- 1605
60
Suleyman
The lawgiver, ruler of ottoman empire, and a superb military leader, during his reign of 46 years, the ottoman empire reached its peak
61
Taj mahal
Memorial for mumtaz mahal with fine white marble and jewels from all over Asia
62
The riches of India
Spices, pepper, gold, cotton, diamonds, dyes, and opium to name a few
63
The renaissance man
.is charming, witty, and well educated- must be able to dance, sing, play music, and write poetry- a skilled rider, wrestler, and swordsman
64
Pope Paul III
1534-1549- helped reform the catholic church with pope Paul IV came up with the 4 reasons
65
Council of Trent
Meeting of roman catholic leaders, called by pope Paul III to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers
66
Catholic reformation
16th century movement which the roman catholic church sought to make changes in response to the Protestant reformation
67
Predestination
Idea that God has decided all things beforehand, including which people will be eternally saved
68
John Calvin
French follower of Martin Luther who promoted his unique ideas about relationship between people and God
69
Martin Luther
Founder of Protestant churches, a former priest who exposed secrets of the catholic church in his 95 theses
70
95 theses
Formal statement written by Martin Luther which attacked the" pardon merchants" and catholic church
71
Michelangelo
Famous artist in renaissance period who used a realistic style when depicting the human body
72
The Mona Lisa
One of the best known portraits of all time painted by Leonardo davinci
73
The ottoman empire
.
74
Utopia
An imaginary land described by Thomas more in his book, utopia, hence- an ideal place
75
Indulgence
A pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin
76
Johann Gutenberg
Craftsman from Mainz, Germany who developed the printing press
77
Patron
Person who supports artists especially financially
78
Leonardo davinci
A true renaissance man who impersonated his observations into art, Mona Lisa
79
Humanism
Renaissance inrptellectual movement which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements
80
The dark ages
Period of time before 1500 when world is considered stagnant in terms of scientific discovery and exploration.
81
The old soviet union
Hated US | Was ready to launch missiles towards US that could destroy us in 23 minutes

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