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From Flashcardlet > history chapters 18 & 19 > Flashcards

history chapters 18 & 19 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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0
Q

Corazon Aquino

A

Beningo aquinos widow who challenged but beat Marcos however Marcos refused to recognize her winning

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1
Q

Ferdinand Marcos

A

President of Philippines whose country suffered under his rule, he stole 475million and imposed an authoritarian regime

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2
Q

Aung San suu kyi

A

Active in national league for democracy who won the Nobel peace prize while under house arrest for her efforts to establish democracy

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3
Q

Sukarno

A

Leader of independence movement in Indonesia who was only ever known by his one name

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4
Q

Suharto

A

General in Indonesia who put down the rebellion, then seized power for himself and began a bloodbath killing 500-1million indos

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5
Q

Negritude movement

A

Movement to celebrate African culture, heritage, and values

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6
Q

Kwame Nkrumah

A

Leader of the eagerly nonviolent movement who worked to liberate the Gold Coast from Britain

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7
Q

Jomo Kenyatta

A

Kenya nationalist who was willing to spend years in jail for his beliefs he viewed independence as the only option for Africans

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8
Q

Ahmed Ben Bella

A

Leader of the FLN who became the first president of the newly independent Algeria

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9
Q

Mobutu sese seko

A

An army officer who seized Congo power in 1965

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10
Q

Congress party

A

Major national political party in India known as the Indian national congress

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11
Q

Muslim league

A

Organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India’s Muslims which later proposed that India be split into separate Muslim and Hindu nations

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12
Q

Muhammad ali Jinnah

A

Leader of the Muslim league who insisted that all Muslims resign from the congress party

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13
Q

Partition

A

Term given to the division of India into separate Hindu and Muslim nations

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14
Q

Jawaharlal Nehru

A

Modern India’s first prime minister who devoted his life to improving conditions in India

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15
Q

Indira Gandhi

A

Nehrus daughter who was chosen as prime minister and faced many challenges

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16
Q

Benazir Bhutto

A

Bhuttos daughter who was elected prime minister twice but was removed from office in 1996

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17
Q

Anwar Sadat

A

Egyptian president who planned a joint Arab attack on Yom Kippur

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18
Q

Golda Meir

A

Israeli prime minister who launched a counterattack and regained most of the lost territiory

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19
Q

PLO

A

Palestine liberation organization which pushed for the formation of an Arab Palestinian state that would include land claimed by Israel

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20
Q

Yasir Arafat

A

Chairman of the PLO whose group carried out numerous terrorist attacks against Israel

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21
Q

Camp David accords

A

Treaty that ended the 30 years of hostilities between Egypt and Israel and became the first signed agreement between Israel and an Arab country

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22
Q

Intifada

A

“Uprising” a widespread campaign of civil disobedience which the Palestinians expressed their frustrations

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23
Q

Oslo peace accords

A

Agreement which Israeli prime minister Rabin granted Palestinian self rule in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank

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24
Transcaucasian republics
Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia lie in the Caucasus mountains between the black and campaign seas
25
Central Asian republics
Five nations that lie east of the Caspian Sea and extending to the tian Shan and pamir mountains
26
Mujahideen
Holy warriors formed by the opposition forces- took up arms and fiercely fought against soviet supported govt
27
Taliban
Conservative Islamic group which emerged as victor as of 98 they controlled 90% of the country
28
Chapter 19
Terms
29
Brasilia
Kubitscheks new capital city in brazil built in the country's interior
30
Land reform
Breaking up large estates and distributing that land to the peasants
31
Standard of living
Level of material comfort which is judged by the amount of goods people have
32
Recession
Slowdown in the economy which especially gripped Brazil's economy
33
PRIME
Institutional revolutionary party which became the main force for political stability in Mexico
34
Federal system
Nigeria adopted this after independence which power is shared between state govts and a central authority
35
Martial law
Temporary military rule over a civilian population , usually imposed in times of war or civil unrest
36
Dissidents
An opponent of govts policies or actions
37
Apartheid
Completion separation of the races like in schools, hospitals, and even neighborhoods
38
Nelson Mandela
Leader of the ANC who became the nations president after 27 years of jail time
39
Politburo
The ruling committee of the communist party which crushed all political disagreement
40
Mikhail Gorbachev
Became the politburos new general secretary and was youthful, energetic, and had political skills
41
Glasnost
Policy that Gorbachev announced in 1985 means openness
42
Perestroika
Idea introduced by Gorbachev in 1985 regarding a policy of economic reconstructing
43
Boris Yeltsin
Member of Russian parliament and mayor of Moscow who criticized the crackdown in Lithuania and the slow pace of reforms
44
CIS
Commonwealth of independent states which was a loose federation of former soviet territories
45
"Shock therapy"
Bold plan that was an abrupt shift to free market economics by Yeltsin
46
Solidarity
Polish labor union that during the 80 s became the main force of opposition to communist rule in Poland
47
Lech Walesa
Union leader who became a national hero
48
Reunification
The merging of the two Germany's which was brought up by the fall of communism in east Germany
49
Ethnic cleansing
Policy that intended to rid Bosnia of its Muslim population
50
Zhou enlai
Chinas premier since 49 who had to restrain the radicals during the cultural revolution
51
Deng xiaoping
Had emerged as the most powerful leader in china who was the last of the old revolutionaries who ruled china since 49
52
Four modernizations
Set of goals which called for progress in agriculture, industry, defense, and science/tech
53
Tiananmen Square
A huge public space in the heart of Beijing where students mounted a protest for democracy
54
Hong Kong
A thriving business center and British colony on the southeastern coast of china
55
Winnie Mandela
Nelson's wife who was also apart of the ANC
56
April 1994
The election of Nelson Mandela as the first black president of South America
57
Pretoria
the northern part of South Africa. It is one of the country's 3 capitals
58
The skunk of the world
What Mandela referred to of South Africa in his inaugural address. They are far behind, smelly, and black&white
59
Spurned
It means to be rejected with disdain and is in Mandelas address about how he watched the country and the terrible conflict
60
Oppression
Prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or control, SA suffered under this for a long time during the apartheid
61
The Ukraine
Where golda Meir was born before she moved to the states
62
Milwaukee, WI
My old home! Wher eGolda Meir was raised
63
Goldie mabovitch
Golda meirs birth name who changed her name to the Hebrew form in 56
64
Yom Kippur
Jewish holiday that had a war on its date between the Arab nations and Israel
65
May 14, 1948
The day the nation of Israel was proclaimed with Meir as e only woman in the new govt
66
Vladimir Putin
Russia's president after Yeltsin who forcefully dealt with the rebellion in Chechnya
67
Brazil's political system
Socialism- also had to do with kubitscheks ambitious program, military dictators, and the road to democracy
68
Democracy
A government controlled by the people for the people. What the US has
69
The Nigerian military promise
The promise was to bring back civilian rule after many troublesome times
70
Modernization
To make new the appearance or the modernization of Nigeria will take a long time
71
The Bosnian Serbs
Strong opposers to independence and eh launched a war in march 1992
72
Muslims
A large population lived in Chechnya which declared independence but Yeltsin denied its rights to secede
73
President Richard Nixon
37th president of the US who met in china with Zhou and Mao, all three began cultural exchanges and a limited amount of trade
74
The Berlin Wall
The tearing down of the wall Symbolizes the reunification of Germany from separating east Germany and west Germany

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