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7th Grade Trimesters > History Trimester 1 > Flashcards

History Trimester 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A civilization is an advanced _______ that has developed cities, sciences, and industries

A

culture

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2
Q

Successful farmers would want to have a _____, or extra of their crops for trade

A

surplus

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3
Q

an example of a _____ is water or oil; something derived via the environment

A

oil

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4
Q

In some dry areas, Native Americans used a system of ________ to help water their crops

A

irrigation

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5
Q

Women in the Iroquois tribes could vote for ______, aka tribal chief

A

Sachem

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6
Q

With the development of cities, came the beginning of…

A

civilizations

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7
Q

Define Geography:

A

the study of people, environment, and resources

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8
Q

Define Glacier:

A

a thick sheet of ice, believed to have connected Siberia and Alaska

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9
Q

The Land Bridge Theory believes that land once connected:

A

Siberia & Alaska

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10
Q

Bering Strait:

A

a body of water that exists where a land bridge was thought was have to been

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11
Q

The Land Bridge Theory believes:

A

people between 10k and 100k years ago, people traveled to America via Bering Straight

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12
Q

Inca Capital:

A

Cuzco

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13
Q

Aztec Capital:

A

Tenochtitlan

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14
Q

The last of the 3 Ancient Civilizations were…

A

Inca

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15
Q

The civilization located in South America was:

A

Incas

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16
Q

The _____ civilization was built on an island

A

Aztec

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17
Q

The Incas were famous for their ____

A

roads

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18
Q

The Mayas were famous for their ________

A

calendar

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19
Q

The _____ did human sacrifices

A

Aztecs

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20
Q

Which civilization am I that disappeared without a trace

A

Mayas

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21
Q

The _____ was built on the Andes Mountains

A

Aztecs

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22
Q

Which 2 civilizations were conquered by the Spanish?

A

Aztecs & Incas

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23
Q

potlatch:

A

a ceremony which a host shows gifts

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24
Q

adobe:

A

a sun-dried brick

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25
Q

What Peninsula became a center of trade for Eurasia, and Africa?

A

Arabian Peninsula

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26
Q

Muhammad is considered the…

A

founder and lost prophet

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27
Q

Feudalism:

A

a system which a ruler grants parts of his land to lords (economical and social)

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28
Q

Republic:

A

a form of govt. in which people choose representatives to govern them

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29
Q

Direct Democracy:

A

a form of govt. in which citizens make decisions

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30
Q

Mercantilism:

A

the ideas that the colonies existed to make the home country powerfule

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31
Q

Johan Gutenberg invents the Printing Press during the _______

A

Renaissance

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32
Q

The ______ began with Pope Urban II calling for a holy war

A

Crusades

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33
Q

The _______ brings Europeans and the Middle East closer

A

Crusades

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34
Q

This time period in Europe placed an emphasis on art, science, and philosophy:

A

Renaissance

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35
Q

The ___________ starts with the fall of the Roman Empire

A

Middle Ages

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36
Q

The 95 theses is written during the _______ by..

A

Reformation, Martin Luther

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37
Q

Spain and England emerge during the _______

A

Renaissance

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38
Q

The first European to see the Pacific:

A

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

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39
Q

The first Spaniard to step foot on the US:

A

Juan Ponce de Leon

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40
Q

The first European to cross the Mississippi River:

A

Hernando de Soto

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41
Q

Who was the 1st European to cross the Grand Canyon?

A

Francisco Coronando

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42
Q

_______ _______ conquered the Aztecs

A

Hernando Cortes

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43
Q

_____ _______ destroyed the Incas

A

Francisco Pizarro

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44
Q

Conquistador:

A

a Spanish conqueror

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45
Q

Monarchy:

A

a ruler (king/queen)

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46
Q

Samuel de Champlain is known as the:

A

Father of France

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47
Q

This explorer’s exploration give the Dutch claim to the New Netherlands:

A

Henry Hudson

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48
Q

Leif Erikson:

A

a viking explorer believed to have been the first explorer to explore parts of NA

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49
Q

The 1st to circumnavigate the Earth:

A

Ferdinand Magellan

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50
Q

His crew mutinies on his fourth voyage

A

Henry Hudson

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51
Q

This explorer disappears without a trace while searching for the NW Passage:

A

John Cabot

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52
Q

Ferdinand Magellan:

A

the first to dispute Columbus’ voyage (he’s Italian) and was killed in the Philippines

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53
Q

Represents Spain, even being Italian, has 4 voyages:

A

Amerigo Vespucci

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54
Q

He gives France’s claim in Canada:

A

Jacques Cartier

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55
Q

Christopher Columbus:

A

an explorer who dies thinking he had reached Asia

killed many Natives

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56
Q

This Portuguese explorer is the first to sail around the southern tip of Africa:

A

Vasco da Gama

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57
Q

America is named after him:

A

Amerigo Vespucci

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58
Q

Spanish Armada:

A

a fleet of 130 Spanish ships

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59
Q

Prince Henry the Navigator:

A

helped establish a learning center in Sagres, Portugal

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60
Q

founded Georgia:

A

James Oglethorpe

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61
Q

governor of Massachusetts Bay; disagreements /w Puritans:

A

John Winthrop

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62
Q

Founder of Rhode Island:

A

Roger Williams

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63
Q

Helps to establish Maryland:

A

Lord Baltimore

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64
Q

William Penn:

A

distributes pamphlets to promote his Holy Experiment

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65
Q

Introduces Tobacco:

A

John Rolfe

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66
Q

Saves Jamestown:

A

John Smith

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67
Q

The leader of a Rebellion and poor farmer:

A

Nathaniel Bacon

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68
Q

Roanoke is known as…

A

The Lost Colony

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69
Q

Philadelphia:

A

setup by William Penn, city of ‘Brotherly Love’

70
Q

Mayflower Compact:

A

the 1st document in which American colonists claimed the right to govern themselves

71
Q

The English wanted to ally this tribe, but they refused

A

Iroquois

72
Q

Act of Toleration:

A

signed in South Carolina

73
Q

Puritans:

A

a group who wanted to reform the Church

74
Q

The most diverse based off non-English settlers:

A

Middle Colonies

75
Q

Which colonies put an emphasis on shipbuilding and fishing?

A

New England Colonies

76
Q

Tobacco is a smogdrug used mostly in the ______ _____

A

Southern Colonies

77
Q

The Middle Colonies’ main crop is ______

A

wheat

78
Q

England’s first permanent settlement can be found in:

A

Southern Colonies

79
Q

The _____ colonies are home to Catholics, slaves, and debtors

A

Southern

80
Q

The tidewater region is here

A

Southern Colonies

81
Q

Religion plays a big part in the ____ ____ _______

A

New England Colonies

82
Q

The backcountry extends through…

A

the Middle and Southern colonies

83
Q

Metacom:

A

aka King Philip, burned down Jamestown

84
Q

Charles II took over Dutch without firing a single shot. He renamed it to…

A

New York

85
Q

Which economy depended on slaves?

A

The southern Economy

86
Q

Tidewater region:

A

a region of rich planters who grew things such as tobacco

87
Q

Magna Carta:

A

when English nobles forced King John in 1215 to sign it, translates to

88
Q

Rights given to us by a monarch:

A

Divine Rights

89
Q

Apprentice:

A

someone who learns a trade by working for someone

90
Q

Racism:

A

The idea that one’s race is superior to others

91
Q

Natural Rights:

A

rights given to us by birth

92
Q

Habeas Corpus:

A

the principle that someone cannot be held in prison w/o being charged a specific crime

93
Q

Virgina Company of London:

A

a company who was interested in New England’s economy and gold

94
Q

Legislature:

A

people who can make laws

95
Q

Who declared himself head of the Church in 1530?

A

King Henry VIII

96
Q

Plymouth:

A

the colony of the pilgrims

97
Q

Pariliament:

A

a two-house legislature

98
Q

libel:

A

publishing statements that harms someone’s reputation

99
Q

List and Describe the Navigation Acts:

A

Acts that Supported Mercantilism:

  1. Shipments from Europe-English had to go through England first
  2. imports had to be owned by British ships
  3. Colonists could sell key products
100
Q

indentured servant:

A

someone who signed a contract to work from 4-10 years for anyone would pay for his/her ocean passage to the Americas

101
Q

He says life, liberty, and property are unalienable rights, and also was a controversial minister; challenged divine rights

A

John Locke

102
Q

A Puritan woman who wrote about her life;America’s first poet

A

Anne Bradstreet

103
Q

African slave living in Boston who published a series of poems:

A

Phillis Wheatley

104
Q

His ‘Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God’ became famous in the colonies

A

Jonathan Edwards

105
Q

Who believed in separation of powers?

A

Montesquieu

106
Q

Arrested for criticizing the governor of NY; publisher of New York Weekly Journal; Faced libel

A

John Peter Zenger

107
Q

______ _ _____ had been living in Holland before called to rule

A

William and Mary

108
Q

Glorious Revolution:

A

When William and Mary become rulers

109
Q

The Enlightenment:

A

an intellectual movement about politics, society, and economics

110
Q

Benjamin Franklin:

A

had his own autobiography and author of ‘Poor Richard’s Almanac’

111
Q

Who was forced to sign the Magna Carta?

A

King John

112
Q

The Great Awakening was…

A

a religious revival that affected all 13 colonies

113
Q

Slave Codes:

A

laws that restricted rights of slaves

114
Q

Middle Passages:

A

A ruthless voyage were Africans were transported across the ATLANTIC, NOT PACIFIC

115
Q

Ohio River Valley:

A

the land that the French and British fought on

116
Q

French/Indian War:

A

aka 7 years war, war between British vs French and Native Americans

117
Q

Join or Die:

A

a cartoon inspiring colonists to join the war against France and NA

118
Q

Treaty of Paris:

A

Britain establishing peace after war with France

119
Q

Social classes in order:

A

Gentry, Middle Class, Indentured Servants

120
Q

Mason-Dixon Line:

A

a line placed between colonies with slaves and less dependent slaves

121
Q

Judaism:

A

a religion that taught monotheism, taught among Israelites

122
Q

Christianity:

A

taught by Jesus; based on love, mercy, and forgiveness

123
Q

What was the Inca empire built on?

A

Andes Mountains

124
Q

The Church of England was ruled terribly by ______ _____ ___, which he expected everyone to follow his rueles

A

King Henry VII

125
Q

Jerusalem:

A

Where Roman Rulers persecuted Christians

126
Q

Where did the vikings life?

A

Scandinavia

127
Q

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella liked which explorer’s ideas?

A

Columbus

128
Q

Catherine of Aragon:al

A

Ferdinand and Isabella’s daugher who married King Henry VIII

129
Q

Charlestown (Charles Town):

A

Carolina’s Main City

130
Q

Quakers:

A

a religious group led by William Penn, who believed all people are equal in God’s eyes

131
Q

Patriots:

A

colonists who favored independence and were willing to fight for it took name

132
Q

In the Treaty of Paris, many European countries ____ territories to each other

A

ceded

133
Q

Minutemen:

A

militia units who would fight at minute’s notice

134
Q

Merchants in NY, Boston, and Philadelphia organized many _______ of British goods

A

boycotts

135
Q

The British East India Company had a ______ on selling British tea in the colonies

A

monopoly

136
Q

The Iroquois refused to make an ______ because they expected the French to beat the British

A

alliance

137
Q

Loyalists:

A

those who wanted to remain loyal to Britain and the king

138
Q

duty:

A

an import tax

139
Q

What is the 1st act passed by the British?

A

Tea Act

140
Q

Which act put total control over the colonies by the British?

A

Declaratory Act

141
Q

What did the Intolerable Acts do?

A

Closed Port in Boston
Abolished Upper House of Massachusetts
Cut powers of town meetings
Quartering Act strengthened

142
Q

Which act lowered the price of tea?

A

Tea Act

143
Q

Proclamation of 1763:

A

an act stated to avoid conflict with Native Americans which limited colonist settlement west of Appalachian Mountains

144
Q

Townshend Acts:

A

stated only things imported into the colonies would be taxed

145
Q

What act was passed in response to the Stamp Act repealed?

A

Declaratory Act

146
Q

Sugar Act:

A

a tax placed on molasses

147
Q

This act taxed things like newspapers, licenses, insurance policies, land titles contracts, and other documents…

A

Stamp Act

148
Q

In 1765, colonial leaders would meet in New York to write a petition to have this act repealed…

A

Stamp Act

149
Q

Writs of Assistance:

A

a series of court orders that allowed the British to search colonists’ homes for illegal goods

150
Q

What is another name for Seven Year’s War?

A

French and Indian War

151
Q

What led to the French and Indian War?

A

British settlers were threatened by the French building forts in Ohio River Valley

152
Q

Which British general refused to listen to advice?

A

Edward Braddock

153
Q

Who became PM of England in 1757?

A

William Pitt

154
Q

What happened on March 5, 1770?

A

Boston Tea Party

155
Q

The shot heard round the world was fired on what day/year/month?

A

April 19, 1775

156
Q

What did William Prescott famously say at the Battle of Bunker Hill?

A

‘Do not fire until you see the whites of their eyes’

157
Q

In the Treaty of Paris, Spain cedes _____ to Britain, and France cedes all its land east of Mississippi River to Britain

A

Florida

158
Q

In ‘Join or Die’ what animal was shown?

A

a snake

159
Q

First Continental Congress:

A

Colonists agreeing to boycott British imports who wanted Intolerable and other acts repealed, and also wanted to govern themselves

160
Q

What was the result of the Battle of Lexington and Concord?

A

The Second Continental Congress tried to make peace with Britain via Olive Branch Petition

161
Q

Who led the Green Mountain Boys?

A

Ethan Allen

162
Q

Who shot the first shot at Lexington and Concord?

A

nobody to this day knows

163
Q

The Boston Tea Party was organized by the…

A

Sons of Liberty

164
Q

Benedict Arnold:

A

accompanied Ethan Allen at the battle of Fort Ticonderoga

165
Q

Who created Join or Die?

A

Benjamin Franklin

166
Q

Samuel Adams:

A

founder of the Committee of Correspondence

167
Q

Who famously said ‘give me liberty or give me death’?

A

Patrick Henry

168
Q

What lawyer defends the soldiers arrested at the Boston Tea Party?

A

John Adams

169
Q

Who was the commander of the Continental Army?

A

George Washington

170
Q

Thomas Gage:

A

British military governor of Boston who organizes the events that led to Lexington and Concord

171
Q

Paul Revere:

A

a silversmith who inaccurately depicts the events known as ‘Bloody Massacre’

172
Q

Although victorious at the Battle of Quebec, this British general is killed…

A

James Wolfe

7th Grade Trimesters (15 decks)

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