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7th Grade Trimesters > Science Trimester 2 > Flashcards

Science Trimester 2 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ are microscopic living cells

A

Bacteria

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2
Q

Where do bacteria live?

A

almost everywhere, even in conditions like underground, springs with hot temperature, and acidic water

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3
Q

Bacteria shapes:

A

cocci (sphere)
bacilli (rod)
spirilla (spiral)

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4
Q

Bacteria are ______ since they don’t have a nucleus or membrane-bound structures

A

prokaryotic

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5
Q

flagella:

A

whiplike tails to help bacteria move

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6
Q

bacteria are ___ than plant or animal cells

A

smaller

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7
Q

aerobes:

A

use oxygen during respiration

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8
Q

anaerobes:

A

do not need oxygen

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9
Q

Eubacteria:

A

a diverse group of bacteria which is larger group

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10
Q

Cyanobacteria:

A

produce their on food, commonly called blue-green; but some may be other colours

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11
Q

overabundance of cyanobacteria causes a _____ which can be harmful to aquatic life

A

bloom

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12
Q

Where do archaebacteria grow?

A

in extreme conditions and are divided into groups based on where they life; salty, hot, acidic environments

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13
Q

some anaerobic groups produce ______ gas

A

methane

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14
Q

Most bacteria are helpful or harmful?

A

helpful

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15
Q

What type of vitamins do bacteria produce?

A

vitamin K

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16
Q

saprophytes:

A

use dead organisms as food and energy sources; thus recycling nutrients

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17
Q

bacteria can be used to clean up environmental pollution via:

A

bioremediation

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18
Q

Bacteria are used in _____ products

A

dairy

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19
Q

sauerkraut and pickles are foods that need _____ help

A

bacterial

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20
Q

Bacteria grow in large containers called _______ that use products such as medicine

A

bioreactors

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21
Q

______ producing bacteria can digest wastes and provide a source of fuel

A

methane

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22
Q

pathogens:

A

bacteria that cause diseas

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23
Q

Toxins:

A

poisons that are made by pathogens

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24
Q

Some pathogens form thick walls called _________ when environmental conditions re unfavourable; so they can survive for long periods of time

A

endospores

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25
Q

Vaccines:

A

can PREVENT some bacterial infections

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26
Q

Vaccines are made from damaged or _____ bacterial cells

A

dead

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27
Q

Once vaccines are enabled, they enable ______ blood cells to recognize bacteria and attack it

A

white

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28
Q

The body of a fungi is usually a mass of threadlike tubes called _______

A

hyphae

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29
Q

Zygote fungi produce reproductive cells in cases called ________

A

sporangia

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30
Q

Athlete’s foot is caused by…

A

fungi

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31
Q

All protists are _____

A

eukaryotic

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32
Q

protist:

A

eukaryotic one or many celled organism which lives in a most and/or wet environent that contain chlorophyll or others animal-like

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33
Q

Cilia:

A

short, threadlike structures extending from the cell membrane

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34
Q

Diatom:

A

an alga with a gold-brown pigments that secrets a glass-box

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35
Q

Protists can be animal, fungus, and ______ like

A

fungus

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36
Q

Protozoans are divided by how they ________

A

move

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37
Q

What group of fungi has no sexual reproduction been observed?

A

imperfect fungi

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38
Q

lichens are not in a _____ _____

A

reproductive structure

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39
Q

_____ use a pseudopod to move through their environment to obtain food

A

Amoebas

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40
Q

Much of our oxygen is produced by…

A

algae

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41
Q

Amoebas move the same way do

A

slime molds

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42
Q

Algae:

A

plant-like protists

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43
Q

Protozoa do ___ contain chloroplasts

A

not

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44
Q

some lichens can be a ____ _____ for animals

A

food source

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45
Q

lichen:

A

2+ organisms living together appearing to be 1 organism

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46
Q

Euglena:

A

a protist, that is an algae, /w both animal and plant like qualities while moving with flagella

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47
Q

mushroom:

A

a club fungi consumed by many humans

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48
Q

spore:

A

reproductive cell of a fungi

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49
Q

eye spot:

A

detects light

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50
Q

mycorrhizae:

A

network of hyphae

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51
Q

protozoa:

A

animal like protists

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52
Q

what type of algae grows in the deepest water?

A

red

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53
Q

Penicilium:

A

imperfect fungi that is used as an antibiotic; similar to bacteria

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54
Q

slime mold grows on…

A

rotten vegetables

55
Q

yeast:

A

a fungus that makes bread rise

56
Q

bread mold:

A

zygote fungus found on bread

57
Q

ascus:

A

sac like fungi

58
Q

How can sponges reproduce?

A

sexually and asexually

59
Q

roundworms are also known as ______

A

nematodes

60
Q

pseudopod:

A

temporary cytoplasm extension

61
Q

asymmetrical:

A

no definite body plan

62
Q

scientists determine the likelihood of an animal being a carnivore by examining the _____

A

teeth

63
Q

Water moves through a sponge in ____ and out of the top of ____

A

pores, tubes

64
Q

all cnidarians have ______ symmetry

A

radial

65
Q

what type of symmetry does a sponge have?

A

radial

66
Q

animals with radial symmetry usually live…

A

in water

67
Q

tentacles:

A

used to bring food to an organism’s mouth

68
Q

carnivore:

A

only feeds on animal material

69
Q

all worms are

A

invertebrates

70
Q

tapeworms are parasites hat obtain energy from materials that they…

A

absorb through their skin

71
Q

hunting at night is an example of _____ _______

A

behavioural adaptations

72
Q

bilateral symmetry:

A

symmetry split in 2 exact parts

73
Q

hermaphrodite:

A

produce egg and sperm in the same body

74
Q

herbivore;

A

eats only plants

75
Q

detrivore:

A

eats dead organisms

76
Q

omnivore:

A

eats both plants and animals

77
Q

basidium:

A

club shaped fungi

78
Q

pores:

A

openings in the body of a sponge

79
Q

stinging cells:

A

capsules with coiled trigger-like structures typically located at the end of a cnidarians’ tentacles

80
Q

vertebrate:

A

with a backbone

81
Q

pioneer species:

A

first to grow in newly or disturbed areas

82
Q

collar cell:

A

cells with flagella that line sponges

83
Q

spicules:

A

sharp pointed structures contained in spongin

84
Q

______ can be woody or harbaceous

A

stems

85
Q

Do seed plants have rhizoids?

A

no

86
Q

fronds:

A

the leaves of a fern

87
Q

free-living organism:

A

an organism that doesn’t rely on any other organisms

88
Q

Moss plants are held in place by _______

A

rhizoids

89
Q

the cells of a _____ ______ have the most chlorophyll in them

A

palisade layer

90
Q

guard cells open and close the ___

A

stomata

91
Q

things like paper can be made from ________

A

gymnosperms

92
Q

Where do plants evolve from?

A

green algae

93
Q

nonvascular plants reproduce using ______, not seeds

A

spores

94
Q

Peat comes from decomposed ________ ______

A

plant material

95
Q

Xylem:

A

tissue made of tubular vessels that transport water and minerals UP a plant

96
Q

Roots (can/cannot/sometimes/NEVER EVER EVER) make food

A

NEVER EVER EVER (cannot)

97
Q

ferns and horsetails are examples of…

A

seedless vascular plants

98
Q

The major function of leaves is to…

A

make food

99
Q

Nonvascular plants use ______ to anchor them

A

rhizoids

100
Q

Photosynthesis:

A

the process in which plants make sugar

101
Q

Gymnosperms produce ______

A

seeds

102
Q

Pine trees are _______

A

gymnosperms

103
Q

A tulip is a monocot or dicot?

A

monocot

104
Q

Cambium:

A

produces Xylem and Phloem

105
Q

cellulose:

A

fibrous material that makes up plant cell walls

106
Q

fruits:

A

structures produced by angiosperms to protect and disperse seeds

107
Q

gymnosperms:

A

vascular plants that produce seeds without flowers or fruit

108
Q

monocot:

A

a flowering plant with leaf vessels running parallel to the leaves’ edges

109
Q

angiosperms:

A

all plants with flowers

110
Q

vascular plant:

A

a plant with tube structures

111
Q

nonvascular plant:

A

a plant without tube structures

112
Q

nonvascular plants are divided into…

A

mosses, liverworts, and hornworts

113
Q

dicots:

A

flowering plants with 2 cotyledons in their seeds

114
Q

cones:

A

structures that produce gymnosperm seeds

115
Q

cuticle:

A

the waxy protective layer on a plant

116
Q

fission:

A

asexual reproduction of bacteria

117
Q

filament:

A

the rod of a stamen

118
Q

stamen:

A

the male reproductive organ in a flower

119
Q

pistil:

A

the female reproductive organ in a flower

120
Q

ovary:

A

the swolen base of the pistil

121
Q

pollination:

A

the transfer of pollen grains to the female part of the plant

122
Q

sori:

A

fern spores located on fronds

123
Q

sessile:

A

remaining in one place in an organism’s ;ofe

124
Q

ovule:

A

the place where eggs are produced

125
Q

petal:

A

the colourful part of a flower

126
Q

sepal:

A

the parts of a plant that form the flower bud

127
Q

stigma:

A

a sticky place where pollen lands

128
Q

stomata:

A

small openings in the epidermis

129
Q

guard cell:

A

the object that surrounds the stoma and open and close it

130
Q

anther:

A

the bud on the stamen

131
Q

nitrogen-fixing bacteria:

A

bacteria that change air and make it consumable for other organisms

132
Q

budding:

A

an areproduction where a part breaks off an organism

133
Q

medusa:

A

a bell shaped cnidarian

134
Q

polyp:

A

shaped like a vase and sessile (usually)

7th Grade Trimesters (15 decks)

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