How Successful Was The 2nd ND?

Question 1

What year did the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act create the Works Progress Administration?

Answer 1

1935

Question 2

What significant action did the Democrats take in the November 1934 elections?

Answer 2

Greatly increased their support in both houses and state government elections

Question 3

What was the main purpose of the Resettlement Administration created on May 1?

Answer 3

To address issues created by the economic depression

Question 4

True or False: Normally, a president’s party loses seats in Congress during the midterm elections.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The First New Deal had limitations in both relief and _______.

Answer 5

[recovery]

Question 6

What did Congress become filled with after the November 1934 elections?

Answer 6

New Deal Democrats

Question 7

What was the expectation regarding President Roosevelt’s actions by 1938?

Answer 7

To assess the extent of recovery brought by his policies

Question 8

Identify one area where the First New Deal was expected to deal separately.

Answer 8

Relief or recovery

Question 9

What was the main focus of the First New Deal?

Answer 9

To address the problems created by the economic depression

Question 10

What is a key characteristic of the political landscape following the November 1934 elections?

Answer 10

Demand for more radical actions to deal with the Depression

Question 12

What was the Wagner Act?

Answer 12

The Wagner Act, passed in June 1935, restored the right to collective bargaining for trade unions and established the National Labor Relations Board to oversee labor relations.

Question 13

What did Section 7(a) of the National Industrial Recovery Act (1933) do?

Answer 13

Section 7(a) gave trade unions the right to collectively bargain but was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in May 1935.

Question 14

What industries were primarily affected by the Wagner Act?

Answer 14

The Wagner Act primarily affected the textile, coal, and rubber industries, which employed semi-skilled and unskilled workers.

Question 15

What were the exclusions of the Wagner Act?

Answer 15

The Wagner Act excluded agricultural and service workers, public employees, and those employed outside interstate commerce.

Question 16

What was the Social Security Act?

Answer 16

The Social Security Act, passed in June 1935, established a national system for the elderly and provided minimal payments to unemployed workers, the elderly, and dependents.

Question 17

Who was responsible for the Social Security Act?

Answer 17

Frances Perkins, the USA’s first woman cabinet member and Secretary of Labor, was responsible for the Social Security Act.

Question 18

What were the pension rates under the Social Security Act?

Answer 18

Pensions were to be paid out at a rate of between $10 and $85 per month.

Question 19

What was the maximum unemployment benefit under the Social Security Act?

Answer 19

The maximum unemployment benefit was $18 per week for 16 weeks.

Question 20

Who was the first person to receive a pension under the Social Security Act?

Answer 20

Ida Fuller was the first person to receive a pension under the Social Security Act on 17 January 1940.

Question 21

What were some limitations of the Social Security Act?

Answer 21

The Social Security Act excluded farm workers, domestic servants, and the self-employed, leaving many who needed it most without support.

Question 23

What was the purpose of the Revenue Act of August 1935?

Answer 23

The Revenue Act aimed to help pay for New Deal programs by increasing income tax rates on high incomes.

Question 24

What was the income tax rate increase for incomes over $5 million under the Revenue Act?

Answer 24

The income tax rate increased from 63% to 79% on incomes over $5 million.

Question 25

How much additional revenue did the Revenue Act raise annually?

Answer 25

$250 million a year.

Question 26

What percentage of American households paid federal income tax at the time?

Answer 26

Fewer than one American household in 20 paid federal income tax.

Question 27

What other taxes were increased by the Revenue Act?

Answer 27

The Act increased property taxes and introduced an undistributed profits tax.

Question 28

What was the political significance of the Revenue Act of 1935?

Answer 28

It was seen as a political showpiece to counter the Share Our Wealth campaign by Huey P. Long.

Question 29

Who claimed credit for the idea of the Revenue Act when it was presented in the Senate?

Answer 29

Huey P. Long claimed credit for the idea.

Question 30

What was the reaction of wealthy individuals to the Revenue Act?

Answer 30

The Act aroused huge criticism from the rich, who viewed FDR as a class traitor.

Question 31

Who was William Randolph Hearst?

Answer 31

William Randolph Hearst was a major newspaper owner who criticized the Revenue Act.

Question 33

What was the focus of the Second New Deal?

Answer 33

The Second New Deal aimed to reform and strengthen the American social and economic system, not to destroy it.

Question 34

How did FDR perform in the 1936 presidential election?

Answer 34

FDR polled 27.8 million votes against Republican Alfred Landon's 16.7 million, winning 523 Electoral College votes to Landon's eight.

Question 35

What is the Electoral College?

Answer 35

The Electoral College is a body that elects the president and vice president of the United States, with votes apportioned based on each state's combined seats in the Senate and House of Representatives.

Question 36

What was the purpose of the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?

Answer 36

The WPA aimed to create public sector jobs to aid economic recovery, employing eight million workers and constructing thousands of hospitals, schools, parks, and rural roads.

Question 37

What was the budget allocated for the WPA?

Answer 37

The WPA received a substantial budget of $4 billion to get Americans back to work.

Question 38

How many votes did FDR receive in the 1940 election?

Answer 38

In 1940, FDR won 27.3 million votes and 449 Electoral College votes.

Question 39

What was the impact of the New Deal on employment?

Answer 39

The New Deal created numerous public sector jobs, aiding economic recovery and employing millions.

Question 40

What was the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of April 1935?

Answer 40

This act created the WPA, which aimed to provide jobs for the unemployed.

Question 41

What was the role of the Federal Writers' Project?

Answer 41

The Federal Writers' Project aided writers, especially black Americans, and employed many in the arts.

Question 42

What was the significance of the 1936 elections?

Answer 42

The 1936 elections demonstrated FDR's strong support, as he won every state except Maine and Vermont.

Question 43

What was the gap between the rich and the poor during the New Deal?

Answer 43

The New Deal aimed to address the economic gap between the rich and the poor, although it did not eliminate it.

Question 44

What was the impact of the New Deal on state governments?

Answer 44

The Democrats won control of many state governments during the New Deal era.

Question 45

What happened in 1976 and 2000 regarding the popular vote?

Answer 45

In these years, a candidate won the popular vote nationwide but lost the election due to the Electoral College.

Question 47

What did the National Youth Administration encourage?

Answer 47

The National Youth Administration encouraged education and part-time work for students.

Question 48

Who headed the Negro Division of the National Youth Administration?

Answer 48

The Negro Division was headed by black American Mary McLeod Bethune.

Question 49

What was the role of the Negro Division in relation to WPA and NYA programmes?

Answer 49

The Negro Division ensured that black Americans benefitted from WPA and NYA programmes.