Women And The ND

Question 1

What was the dominant demographic in US national politics until 1933?

Answer 1

Men from a White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP) background

Question 2

What effect did FDR’s New Deal have on women?

Answer 2

Opened up more job opportunities for women of all religions and backgrounds

Question 3

How many women were employed in the USA in 1930?

Answer 3

10.7 million out of 60.6 million women

Question 4

What was the employment figure for women in the USA by 1940?

Answer 4

12.5 million out of 65 million women

Question 5

What programs did women benefit from under the New Deal?

Answer 5

Civilian Conservation Corps and employment in the Alphabet Agencies

Question 6

What were the camps for women under the New Deal commonly known as?

Answer 6

‘She She She camps’

Question 7

How did the number of women in ‘She She She camps’ compare to those in CCC camps?

Answer 7

Extremely small in comparison

Question 8

Who was Eleanor Roosevelt?

Answer 8

The First Lady who played a significant role in shaping national policy

Question 9

What role did First Ladies traditionally play in US politics before 1933?

Answer 9

Overwhelmingly ceremonial, supporting their husbands

Question 10

How did Eleanor Roosevelt influence federal policy?

Answer 10

By advising her husband and championing women and ethnic minorities

Question 11

What type of correspondence did Eleanor Roosevelt receive from the public?

Answer 11

Letters asking for necessities like clothing

Question 12

What was the nature of Eleanor Roosevelt’s regular newspaper articles?

Answer 12

Syndicated and provided a version of a blog to the American public

Question 13

How many miles did Eleanor Roosevelt travel during her husband’s presidency?

Answer 13

Nearly 300,000 miles

Question 14

What did Eleanor Roosevelt advocate for regarding women in government?

Answer 14

More women should be appointed to government positions

Question 15

What was established in 1936 as a female equivalent to the CCC?

Answer 15

‘She She She’ camps for young women

Question 16

How many residential work camps for women were established under the New Deal?

Answer 16

90 camps

Question 17

On average, how many women were employed per year in the ‘She She She’ camps?

Answer 17

5,000 women per year

Question 19

What was Eleanor Roosevelt’s role in the National Youth Administration?

Answer 19

Eleanor Roosevelt supported US youth, which was crucial for the creation of the National Youth Administration to provide work and educational opportunities for young people.

Question 20

What housing initiative did Eleanor Roosevelt support?

Answer 20

Eleanor Roosevelt worked with the PWA and the Washington DC Housing Authority to support ‘greenbelt’ towns.

Question 21

What was Eleanor Roosevelt’s contribution to the Federal Arts Projects?

Answer 21

Eleanor Roosevelt played a key role in the Federal Arts Projects of the Works Progress Administration (WPA) from 1935 and defended them against congressional attacks.

Question 22

What was the significance of the Social Security Act of 1935?

Answer 22

The Social Security Act of 1935 was the first federal aid program for the aged and unemployed, providing direct welfare support to American citizens.

Question 23

Who was Frances Perkins?

Answer 23

Frances Perkins was the first woman cabinet member in US history, serving as Secretary of Labor from March 1933 to June 1945.

Question 24

What role did Frances Perkins play in the New Deal?

Answer 24

Frances Perkins was pivotal in establishing the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), an interdepartmental New Deal agency.

Question 25

Who was Mary McLeod Bethune?

Answer 25

Mary McLeod Bethune was a prominent black American adviser and activist, becoming FDR's special adviser on minority affairs in 1935.

Question 26

What was the 'Black Cabinet'?

Answer 26

The 'Black Cabinet' was an informal group of federally appointed black American officials to help plan priorities for the black American community.

Question 27

What was Mary McLeod Bethune's role in the National Youth Administration?

Answer 27

Mary McLeod Bethune was appointed as the Director of the Negro Affairs Division of the National Youth Administration (NYA) from 1936 to 1944.

Question 28

What did Mary McLeod Bethune advocate for?

Answer 28

Mary McLeod Bethune demanded that black American youth receive federal aid proportional to their population and campaigned for equal pay for black Americans in the federal government.

Question 30

What was the state of the US economy in 1940?

Answer 30

By 1940, the US had staved off economic collapse and experienced a partial recovery, with unemployment at 8.1 million (14.6 percent of the workforce).

Question 31

What was the trade union membership in the US in 1940?

Answer 31

Trade union membership rose to 8.7 million in 1940, comprising 26.9 percent of the workforce, up from 11.6 percent in 1930.

Question 32

What legislation began national welfare provision in the US?

Answer 32

The Social Security Act of 1935 initiated the beginnings of national welfare provision.

Question 33

What was the economic power distribution in the US in 1939?

Answer 33

In 1939, the top five corporations controlled 84.5 percent of all income generated by business, similar to 84.3 percent in 1929.

Question 34

What changes occurred in high school graduation rates by 1940?

Answer 34

By 1940, the graduation rate for 17-year-olds had risen to 50.8 percent, compared to 29 percent in 1930.

Question 35

How did higher education change during the New Deal?

Answer 35

The number of universities and colleges grew from 1,400 to 1,700 due to increased federal funding.

Question 36

What was the impact of the New Deal on the US economy?

Answer 36

The New Deal halted the economic depression, but full recovery came with the onset of the Second World War.

Question 37

What was the 'cash and carry' program?

Answer 37

The 'cash and carry' program allowed the US to supply war goods to Britain and France after amending the Neutrality Acts in September 1939.