How Successful Was The Civil Rights Movement In Achieving More Rights For B.A 1955-63

Question 1

What was the median income of a white family in 1953?

Answer 1

$4,392 per year

Question 2

What was the median income of a non-white family in 1953?

Answer 2

$2,461 per year

Question 3

By 1960, what was the median income for white families?

Answer 3

$5,835 per year

Question 4

By 1960, what was the median income for non-white families?

Answer 4

$3,233 per year

Question 5

What significant legal change occurred at the end of the American Civil War?

Answer 5

Slavery was abolished

Question 6

What year was the 14th Amendment, which guaranteed equal protection under the law, ratified?

Answer 6

1868

Question 7

What was the time period during which legal segregation was introduced in the Old South?

Answer 7

1877 to 1900

Question 8

What were the Jim Crow Laws?

Answer 8

Laws discriminating against black Americans requiring segregation

Question 9

What Supreme Court case reinforced legal segregation in 1896?

Answer 9

Plessy v Ferguson

Question 10

True or False: The facilities for whites and blacks under Jim Crow laws were equal.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

What financial barrier was introduced to prevent many black Americans from voting?

Answer 11

Poll taxes

Question 12

What type of tests were used to discriminate against black voters?

Answer 12

Literacy tests

Question 13

What event in 1955 highlighted segregation on public transport?

Answer 13

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Question 14

Who was the black American woman that refused to give up her bus seat in 1955?

Answer 14

Rosa Parks

Question 15

What city did the Montgomery Bus Boycott take place in?

Answer 15

Montgomery, Alabama

Question 16

What was the primary purpose of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 16

To desegregate public transport

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The ‘American Dream’ was perceived to be open to all Americans, except _______.

Answer 17

blacks and other non-whites

Question 18

What was a characteristic of American life in the period 1955-63?

Answer 18

Stability

Question 19

What was the main feature of teenage culture in the years 1955-63?

Answer 19

Beatrik

Question 21

What is the value of Source 7 for historians studying the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 21

Source 7 provides insights into the legal framework of segregation in public transport, highlighting the rules that enforced racial separation. This context is crucial for understanding the origins of the boycott.

Question 22

What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 22

The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a protest from 1955 to 1956 where black Americans refused to use public transport until it was desegregated.

Question 23

What was the outcome of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 23

The boycott led to the US Supreme Court declaring segregated public transport unconstitutional in December 1956.

Question 24

Who emerged as a prominent leader during the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 24

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. rose to national prominence as a central figure in the civil rights movement during the boycott.

Question 25

What organization was created as a result of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 25

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) was formed to mobilize support against legal segregation across the Old South.

Question 26

What does Section 10 of the Montgomery City Code state?

Answer 26

Section 10 required equal but separate accommodations for white people and negroes on buses, allowing for racial segregation in public transport.

Question 27

What significant legal case occurred in 1954 regarding segregation?

Answer 27

The Brown v Board of Education case outlawed segregation in public schools.

Question 28

What was the timeline of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Answer 28

The Montgomery Bus Boycott began in 1955 and ended in 1956 with the desegregation of public transport in Montgomery.

Question 29

What was the role of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)?

Answer 29

The SNCC organized lunch counter protests and other civil rights activities, contributing to the fight for racial equality.

Question 30

What significant event occurred in Birmingham, Alabama in 1963?

Answer 30

Martin Luther King led protests against racial discrimination in Birmingham, which were pivotal in the civil rights movement.

Question 31

What was the significance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

Answer 31

The Civil Rights Act outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, marking a major victory for the civil rights movement.

Question 33

What was the Supreme Court decision that outlawed racial segregation in public schools?

Answer 33

The landmark US Supreme Court decision, Brown v Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, outlawed racial segregation in all public schools across the USA.

Question 34

What incident occurred at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas?

Answer 34

An attempt to enroll nine black students led to President Eisenhower sending in troops of the 101st Airborne Division to restore order.

Question 35

What happened during James Meredith's attempt to attend the University of Mississippi?

Answer 35

A major confrontation occurred, requiring President J.F. Kennedy to dispatch US Marshals and troops to enforce law and order.

Question 36

What were the three demands Martin Luther King focused on during the Birmingham campaign?

Answer 36

Desegregating lunch counters, fitting rooms and toilets in department stores; increasing hiring of black Americans in business; and creating a multiracial committee to help desegregate facilities.

Question 37

What was the outcome of the non-violent demonstrations in Birmingham?

Answer 37

The demonstrations led to King's arrest, which gained national attention and resulted in the federal government introducing new civil rights legislation.

Question 38

What did President Kennedy emphasize in his televised speech on June 11, 1963?

Answer 38

He highlighted the moral issue of equal rights and opportunities for all Americans, regardless of skin color.

Question 39

What was the significance of the March on Washington in August 1963?

Answer 39

It was a major national rally where 250,000 people, including Martin Luther King, advocated for civil rights, culminating in King's 'I have a dream' speech.

Question 40

What recognition did Martin Luther King receive in 1964?

Answer 40

He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and appeared on the front of Time magazine for his leadership in the civil rights movement.

Question 42

What is the seniority rule in Congress?

Answer 42

The seniority rule allocates chairmanship of important committees to members with the longest continuous service in both houses of Congress.

Question 43

Which group tended to serve longer in Congress during the seniority rule period?

Answer 43

Southern Democrats tended to serve longer as congressmen and senators.

Question 44

What was the aim of the NAACP?

Answer 44

The NAACP aimed to improve the position of black Americans in US society.

Question 45

When was the NAACP established?

Answer 45

The NAACP was established in 1909.

Question 46

What was one of the NAACP's most effective methods?

Answer 46

One effective method was using the law to secure rights promised under the US Constitution.

Question 47

What landmark case did the NAACP bring to the Supreme Court?

Answer 47

The NAACP brought the Brown v Board of Education case of 1954 to the US Supreme Court.

Question 48

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

Answer 48

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a law that aimed to end discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

Question 49

What was the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)?

Answer 49

The KKK is a white supremacist organization established in 1866 that sought to maintain legal segregation.

Question 50

What tactics did the KKK use against black Americans?

Answer 50

The KKK used intimidation, violence, and terror attacks against black Americans.

Question 51

Who was Emmett Till?

Answer 51

Emmett Till was a black American teenager murdered in 1955 for allegedly talking to a white girl.

Question 52

What happened to the alleged perpetrators of Emmett Till's murder?

Answer 52

The alleged perpetrators were put on trial but acquitted.

Question 53

What violent event occurred to Freedom Riders in 1961?

Answer 53

A Greyhound bus carrying Freedom Riders was firebombed in Anniston, Alabama by a white mob.

Question 54

Who was Medgar Evers?

Answer 54

Medgar Evers was the NAACP secretary for Mississippi who was assassinated in 1963.

Question 55

What was the role of White Citizens' Councils?

Answer 55

White Citizens' Councils opposed desegregation and had a broader base of support than the KKK.

Question 56

What significant event occurred in Little Rock in September 1957?

Answer 56

Nine black students were prevented from attending Central High School on the first day of term.

Question 57

What pressure did White Citizens' Councils exert on politicians?

Answer 57

They pressured politicians to oppose school desegregation and other civil rights measures.

Question 59

What was the role of White Citizens councils in the South?

Answer 59

They were effective at forcing southern politicians to oppose desegregation.

Question 60

What federal actions were taken against desegregation in the South?

Answer 60

The deployment of the 101st Airborne Division in Little Rock in 1957 and the use of federal marshals and troops by President Kennedy at the University of Mississippi in 1962.

Question 61

What was the primary reason for federal government intervention in desegregation?

Answer 61

To implement US Supreme Court decisions that declared legal segregation unconstitutional.

Question 62

What percentage of school districts in the Old South were desegregated by 1963?

Answer 62

Only nine percent.

Question 63

What was the situation regarding desegregation in Mississippi and Alabama?

Answer 63

The figures were even lower than nine percent due to local white opposition in state government.

Question 64

Who had the responsibility for education under the US Constitution?

Answer 64

The states, rather than the federal government.

Question 65

What is depicted in the source regarding the Ku Klux Klan?

Answer 65

A member of the Ku Klux Klan in Atlanta, Georgia in the early 1960s wearing the KKK uniform of white, hooded clothing, with their symbol, a fiery cross.