HRM Week 7 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in HRM Week 7 Deck (15)
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0
Q

What are colony stimulating factors?

A

They are glycoproteins that bind to the surfaces of haematopoietic stem cells and activate intracellular signalling to cause proliferation and differentiation of the stem cells. Different CSF give rise to different lineages of blood cells. Such as GM-CSF, M-CSF

1
Q

Describe what a left shift means in terms of looking at at a blood film

A

Patient has immature forms of blood cells on the blood film

2
Q

What are some things that cause neutropenia?

A

Chemotherapy, drugs, toxins, bone marrow failure, spleenomegaly, congenital, acquired, severe infection

3
Q

What are some things that cause neutrophilia?

A

Infection, trauma, tissue destruction, corticosteroids, metabolic disorders

4
Q

What are some things that cause decreased numbers of eosinophils?

A

Bacterial infection, acth administration

5
Q

What are some things that cause eosinophilia?

A

Hypersensitivity reactions, parasitic infection, drug therapy, pulmonary disease, myeoloproliferative disease

6
Q

What are some things that cause increased numbers of monocytes

A

MyoBacterial infections, myeoloproliferative disease, subacute bacterial endocarditis

7
Q

What are some things that cause a decrease in numbers of monocytes

A

Hairy cell leukemia and corticosteroids

8
Q

What are some things that cause decreased numbers of lymphocytes?

A

Congenital immunodeficiency, HIV/AIDS, drugs , GI diseases

9
Q

What are some things that cause increased numbers of lymphocytes?

A

Viral infections, some fungal, parasitic infections, rare bacterial infections, drug sensitivity, immunologic disease

10
Q

Describe neutropenia?

A

A reduction in Granulocyte numbers. Can be decreased production, increased destruction or congenital

11
Q

Describe agranulocytosis?

A

Severe form of neutropenia. Means that there are no granulocytes in blood smear.

12
Q

List some clinical features of neutropenia

A

Chills, fever, fatigue, ulcers

13
Q

What is toxic granulation?

A

When neutrophils have too many granules. The are often very much darker than normal. It occurs when they are actively phagocytosing bacteria.

14
Q

What do lymph node follicles look like in lymphadenitis?

A

Normal but more lymphocytes, clear differentiation between darker and lighter zone and a clear mantle zone. Also more tangible body macrophages eating up the dead lymphocytes.