Hypoglycemia Flashcards
Stress hormones such as glucagon and cortisol stimulate/inhibit (choose) gluconeogenesis and stimulate/inhibit (choose) glycogenesis.
(Stimulates gluconeogenesis and inhibits glycogenesis)
Insulin stimulates/inhibits (choose) gluconeogenesis and stimulates/inhibits (choose) glycogenesis.
(Inhibits gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycogenesis)
Glycogenolysis is stimulated/inhibited (choose) by glucagon and stimulated/inhibited (choose) by insulin.
(Stimulated by glucagon and inhibited by insulin)
Does hyperadrenocorticism or hypoadrenocorticism cause hypoglycemia?
(Hypoadrenocorticism → cortisol is important for stimulating gluconeogenesis)
What neoplasias can cause hypoglycemia?
(Insulinoma, leiomyoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma)
What is the purpose of feeding an animal with an insulinoma multiple small meals (that should be high in fat, protein, and complex carbs)?
(To reduce insulin spiking)
What is the purpose of giving an animal with an insulinoma prednisone/prednisolone?
(GCs stimulate gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis = more glucose available)
What is the purpose of giving an animal with an insulinoma diazoxide?
(It prevents beta cells from releasing insulin, does work on tumor cells)
What does decontamination in xylitol cases entail?
(Emesis, activated charcoal does not work; if emesis not an option, supportive care and liver support is treatment depending on dose)
You performed a paired BG and insulin on a hypoglycemic patient, your results were BG = 54 and insulin was in the upper 50% of the reference interval provided, what is your diagnosis?
(Insulinoma)
What is the purpose of giving IV dextrose slowly to a hypoglycemic patient you suspect has an insulinoma?
(It is given slowly so that further insulin release is not stimulated)
