IIA14 - Infectious testing results Flashcards
(27 cards)
What four diagnostic tests are useful for diagnosing the causative agent in bacterial meningitis/ abscess?
1) CSF analysis
2) CSF Culture
3) PCR
4) Urine culture
What is the most common finding on a CSF analysis in an animal with bacterial meningitis?
Neutrophilic pleocytosis
What four diagnostic tests are useful in diagnosing canine distemper infection?
1) PCR (on CSF, urine, conjunctival scraping)
2) IHC of skin biopsy
3) IgG and IgM ratios (CSF and serum)
4) CSF analysis
What is the most common type of pleocytosis seen on CSF analysis in dogs with canine distemper infection?
Mononuclear pleocytosis
What four diagnostic tests are useful in the diagnosis of FIP in cats?
1) CSF analysis
2) RT-PCR (on CSF or cavitary fluid)
3) Tissue biopsy - IFA/IHC
4) FCov antigen or antibody titers
What two diagnostic tests are useful in the diagnosis of tick-borne infections?
1) Antibody titers
2) PCR
What is the best diagnostic test for diagnosis of rabies?
IFA on post-motem samples
What two diagnostic tests are useful in the diagnosis of toxoplasma or neospora?
1) Antibody or antigen titers
2) PCR
What three diagnostic tests are useful in the diagnosis of intracranial cryptococcus infections?
1) Latex agglutination antigen test
2) CSF analysis (may see fungal organisms)
3) CSF culture
What three diagnostic tests are useful in the diagnosis of intracranial coccidioides infections?
1) Compliment fixation or AGID (antibody)
2) CSF analysis
3) CSF culture
What diagnostic test is most useful in the diagnosis of blastomycoses?
Urine antigen assay
What diagnostic test is most useful in the diagnosis of aspergillosis?
Galactomannan Antigen Test
What are the three most useful tests for the diagnosis of dirofilaria immitis?
1) Antigen ELISA (dogs - female worms)
2) Antibody titers (cats)
3) Direct ID of microfilaria
What diagnostic tests can be performed to screen a patient for botulism infection?
Mouse biological assay
Can also indirectly test for botulism using ELISAs or PCR on food
What is the most direct way to diagnose causative agent of vertebral osteomyelitis in large animals?
Direct needle sampling of the affected area with bacterial culture
What is the most useful antimortem diagnostic test for large animals infected with listeria?
What are the typical test findings in a positive care?
CSF analysis if the best antimortem test
Increased TNCC and CSF protein with predominantly mononuclear cells
CSF culture is NOT useful
what is the best post-mortem test for listeriosis in large animals and what are the findings?
Based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry
Multifocal to coalescing areas of neutrophils and macrophages (microabscesses), with marked perivascular cuffing. Lesions tend to be most severe in the medulla or pons
Immunohistochemistry on microabscesses can detect antigens for listeria
What is the best antemortem test for scarpie in sheep?
IHC and histopath on lymphoid tissue
What is the best post-mortem test for scrapie in sheep and what are the findings?
Histopathology of brain and lymph tissue
Neuronal vacuolation and accumulation of PrP plaques
What is the best antemortem test for Bovine spongiform encephalopathy?
There are no definitive antemortem tests for this disease
What is the best post-mortem test for bovine spongiform encephalopathy?
Immunodetection of Prp on histopath preparations of brain using IHC, immunoblotting, or ELISA
What is the best antemortem test for malignant catarrhal fever?
Positive PCR on the buffy coat of whole blood
What is the best antemortem test for west nile virus?
Serum antibody titers with convalescent titer confirmation if there is a 4-fodl change in antibody titer
What is the bets antemortem test for clostridium perfringens infection in large animals?
Mouse assay using intestinal contents
Toxin can also be tested for using PCR, latex agglutination, or ELISA
