Immunology

Question 1

major histocompatibility complex

Answer 1

consists of a linked set of genetic loci encoding many of the proteins involved in antigen presentation to T cells

Question 2

NK cells (Natural Killer Cells)

Answer 2

effector lymphocytes of the innate immune system that control several types of tumors and microbial infections by limiting their spread and subsequent tissue damage.

Question 3

Innate Immunity

Answer 3

present before any exposure to pathogens and is effective from the time of birth.

Question 4

Innate immunity consists what?

Answer 4

external barriers, cellular, and chemical defenses

Question 5

What type of responses does innate immunity have?

Answer 5

non specific

Question 6

Acquired Immunity

Answer 6

develops after exposure to agents such as microbes, toxins, or other foreign substances

Question 7

What type of response does acquired immunity give?

Answer 7

specific

Question 8

What helps with acquired immunity

Answer 8

lymphocytes

Question 9

B cells

Answer 9

produce antibodies

Question 10

T cells

Answer 10

activate other cells

Question 11

What speed do each of the responses have?

Answer 11

• Innate immunity - rapid response
• Acquired Immunity - slower response

Question 12

How does a microbe get destroyed?

Answer 12

A white blood cell engulfs a microbe, then fuses with a lysosome to destroy the microbe.

Question 13

What are the different types of phagocytic cells?

Answer 13

• Neutrophils
• Macrophages
• Eosinophils
• Dendritic Cells

Question 14

Neutrophils

Answer 14

engulf and destroy microbes

Question 15

Macrophages

Answer 15

part of the lymphatic system and are found throughout the body.

-Main phagocytes (aka. monocytes)

Question 16

Eosinophils

Answer 16

discharge destructive enzymes.

Question 17

Dendritic Cells

Answer 17

stimulate development of acquired immunity.

Question 18

Where is MHC2 protein molecules?

Answer 18

They are found on antigen presenting molecules

Question 19

What can be a reason for a cell no longer expressing MHC protein?

Answer 19

cancerous or infected

Question 20

Mast Cells

Answer 20

release histamine

Question 21

Histamine

Answer 21

increase local blood supply and allow more phagocytes and antimicrobial proteins to enter tissues.

Question 22

Fever?

Answer 22

systemic inflammatory response triggered by pyrogens released by macrophages, and toxins from pathogens.

Question 23

Septic Shock

Answer 23

a life-threatening condition caused by an overwhelming inflammatory response.

Question 24

What type of proteins does are on B cells and T cells

Answer 24

receptor proteins