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Immunology Flashcards

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1
Q

Scientist who discovered cross-immunity

A

Edward Jenner

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2
Q

Scientist who discovered phagocytosis

A

Elie Metchnikoff

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3
Q

Scientist who discovered monoclonal antibody

A

George Kohler and Cesar Milstein

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4
Q

Scientist who discovered antibody structure

A

Gerald Edelman and Rodney Porter

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5
Q

Scientist who discovered specificity of serologic reaction (SSR)

A

Karl Landsteiner

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6
Q

Scientist who discovered antibody diversity

A

Susumu Tonegawa

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7
Q

Reason behind the complement pathway name “classical pathway”

A

1st to be studied (or first discovered in 1900)

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8
Q

Skin, mucous membrane, secretions, normal flora

A

1st line of defense

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9
Q

Mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages

A

2nd line of defense (cellular)

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10
Q

Complement, lysozyme, interferon

A

2nd line of defense (humoral)

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11
Q

3rd line of defense

A

Adaptive immunity / antibodies

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12
Q

NK cells and phagocytes. What type of immunity

A

Innate / natural / nonspecific cellular immunity

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13
Q

Complement and lysozymes. What type of immunity

A

Innate / natural / nonspecific humoral immunity

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14
Q

B cells, plasma cells, T cells. What type of immunity

A

Adaptive / acquired / specific cellular immunity

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15
Q

Antibodies and cytokines. What type of immunity

A

Adaptive / acquired / specific humoral immunity

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16
Q

Infection. What type of immunity

A

Active natural

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17
Q

Vaccination. What type of immunity

A

Active passive

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18
Q

Colostrum. What type of immunity

A

Passive natural

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19
Q

Infusion of serum/plasma. What type of immunity

A

Passive artificial

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20
Q

HLA-A, -B, and -C. What HLA class

A

HLA Class I

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21
Q

HLA-DN, -DO, -DP, -DQ, -DR. What HLA class

A

HLA Class II

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22
Q

C2, C4, TNF, Factor B. What HLA class

A

HLA Class III

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23
Q

Alpha chain + B(2) microglobulin

A

HLA-I

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24
Q

Alpha chain + Beta chain

A

HLA-II

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25
B cell, antigen presenting cell. What HLA
HLA-II
26
HLA that presents antigen to CD8
HLA-I
27
HLA that presents antigen to CD4
HLA-II
28
Immunoglobulin with monomer structure in the serum, dimer in the secretory
IgA
29
Pentamer immunoglobulin
IgM
30
Molecular weight of IgM
900k Da
31
Sedimentation coefficient of IgM
19S
32
IgG serum half life
23 days
33
Immunoglobulin best in complement fixation
IgM
34
IgG best in complement fixation
IgG 3
35
IgG best in crossing the placenta
IgG 1
36
Recurrent pyogenic infections and glomerulonephritis. What complement deficiency
C3
37
Complement associated with autoimmune diseases
C2
38
Disseminated neisserial infections. What complement deficiency
C5, C6, C7, C8
39
Hereditary angioneurotic edema (HANE). What complement deficiency
C1 INH
40
PNH (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria). What complement deficiency
DAF (decay accelerating factor)
41
Most severe complement deficiency
C3
42
Most common complement deficiency
C2
43
IgE. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type I
44
IgG and IgM. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type II and Type III
45
T cells. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type IV
46
Immediate and anaphylactic hypersensitivity reaction
Type I
47
Delayed and cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction
Type IV
48
Effector cells are basophil and mast cells. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type I
49
Effector cells are T-cells and macrophage. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type IV
50
Deposits of Ag-Ab complexes. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type III
51
Penicillin, hives, asthma, itching, hay fever. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type I
52
Serum sickness, Arthus reaction, SLE, RA. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type III
53
Poison ivy, contact dermatitis, tuberculin/mantoux test. What hypersensitivity reaction
Type IV
54
Grave's disease and Myasthenia gravis. What HLA
HLA B8
55
HLA-B27
Ankylosing spondylitis
56
Celiac disease and Type I DM. What HLA
HLA B8, -DQ2, -DQ8
57
HLA-DR4
Rheumatoid arthritis
58
HLA-DR3
SLE
59
Anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA) is associated with
Chronic active hepatitis
60
Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody
Goodpasture syndrome
61
Anti-microsomal antibody
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
62
Anti-mitochondrial antibody
Primary biliary cirrhosis
63
Anti-DNP, Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor
Rheumatoid arthritis
64
Anti-dsDNA, Anti-Smith
Systemic lupus eythematosus
65
Anti-Scl-70
Scleroderma / sclerosis
66
Anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)
Wegener's granulomatosis
67
Anti-myelin sheath antibody
Multiple sclerosis
68
Tumor marker: Placental ALP
Lung cancer
69
Tumor marker: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
Hepatocellular and testicular cancer
70
Tumor marker: Bence-Jones protein (BJP)
Multiple myeloma
71
Tumor marker: CA-125
Ovarian cancer
72
Tumor marker: CA-153, CA 549, HER-2/neu, Cathepsin-D
Breast cancer
73
Tumor marker: CA 19-9
Colon / gastric / pancreatic cancer
74
Tumor marker: Calcitonin
Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma
75
Tumor marker: CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen)
Breast and colorectal cancer
76
Tumor marker: CYFRA 21-1
Lung or breast cancer
77
Tumor marker: hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)
Testicular cancer
78
Tumor marker: NPA, BTA
Urinary bladder cancer
79
Hyper IgE, eczema, recurrent skin and lung infections are characteristics of
Job's syndrome
80
200 - 499 / uL CD4 count. What stage of HIV infection
Stage 2 (intermediate)
81
Normal CD4 T-cell count
500 - 1300 / uL
82
<200 / uL CD4 count. What stage of HIV infection
Stage 3 (advanced)
83
Most common immunodeficiency
Selective IgA deficiency
84
Absence of B cells and all immunoglobulins
Bruton's agammaglobulinemia (x-linked hypogammaglobulinemia)
85
Triad of thrombocytopenia: SMALL platelets, eczema, and immunodeficiency
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS)
86
Absence of thymus gland and T cells
DiGeorge syndrome

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