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Serology Flashcards

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1
Q

Factors influencing antigen-antibody reactions

A

Specificity
Bonding
Concentrarion of antigen and antibody
Temperature
Time
pH
Surface charge (potentiators)

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2
Q

Red cell antigen-antibody reactions: A few isolated aggregates; mostly free-floating cells; supernatant appears red

A

Mixed field

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3
Q

Red cell antigen-antibody reactions: TINY agglutinates, turbid/red background or supernatant

A

Weakly positive

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4
Q

Red cell antigen-antibody reactions: SMALL agglutinates, 25% agglutination

A

1+

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5
Q

Red cell antigen-antibody reactions: MEDIUM agglutinates, 50% agglutination

A

2+

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6
Q

Red cell antigen-antibody reactions: LARGE agglutinates, 75% agglutination

A

3+

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7
Q

Red cell antigen-antibody reactions: One solid agglutinate, 100% agglutination

A

4+

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8
Q

Antigens are naturally found on the SURFACE of the particle

A

Direct agglutination

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9
Q

Antigens are naturally found on the RED CELL

A

Hemagglutination

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10
Q

Antigen is attached to the CARRIER particle

A

Passive agglutination

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11
Q

ANTIBODY is attached to the CARRIER particle

A

Reverse passive agglutination

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12
Q

Example of reverse passive agglutination

A

CRP determination

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13
Q

Uses BACTERIA as inert particles to which antibodies attached

A

Coagglutination

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14
Q

Lack of agglutination is a positive reaction

A

Agglutination-inhibition

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15
Q

Antibody is incorporated into the gel medium; antigen is placed on the well; precipitation is measured

A

Radial immunodiffusion (RID)

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16
Q

Mancini / Endpoint method. How many hours

A

IgG = 24 hours
IgM = 50-72 hours

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17
Q

Fahey and Mckelvey / Kinetic method. How many hours

A

18 hours

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18
Q

In kinetic method of RID, ā€œdā€ means

A

Log antigen concentration

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19
Q

Antibody is incorporated into the gel medium; antigen is applied on the medium; formation of precipitin band

A

Oudin single diffusion

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20
Q

Ouchterlony double diffusion: Smooth curve line

A

Serological identity

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21
Q

Ouchterlony double diffusion: Spur formation

A

Partial identity

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22
Q

Ouchterlony double diffusion: 2 crossed line

A

Non-identity

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23
Q

Radial immunodiffusion + electrophoresis = rocket band is formed

A

Laurell rocket immunoelectrophoresis

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24
Q

Steps in PCR

A

Denaturation
Annealing
Extension

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25
PCR step wherein double stranded DNA is separated
Denaturation
26
PCR step wherein primers anneal to target DNA
Annealing
27
PCR step wherein new strands of DNA is synthesized
Extension
28
Anti-nuclear antibody with PERIPHERAL / RING / RIM fluorescent pattern
Anti-dsDNA
29
Disease associated with anti-dsDNA
SLE
30
Anti-nuclear antibody with SPECKLED / MOTTLED / PEPPERDOT fluorescent pattern
Anti-Sm (anti-smith)
31
Anti-Sm and anti- RNP is associated with what disease
SLE
32
Anti-nuclear antibody with CENTROMERIC (discrete) fluorescent pattern
Anti-centromere
33
Anti- centromere is associated with what disease
CREST syndrome
34
CREST means
Calcinosis Reynaud's phenomenon Esophageal dysmptility Sclerodactyly Telangiectasia
35
Interpretation of fluorescence in terms of intensity: Apple-green fluorescence
2+
36
Interpretation of fluorescence in terms of intensity: BRIGHT apple-green fluorescence
3+
37
Interpretation of fluorescence in terms of intensity: BRILLIANT apple-green fluorescence
4+
38
VDRL and RPR test detects
Reagin (anti-cardiolipin antibody)
39
VDRL reagent that serves as the main reacting component
Cardiolipin
40
Modified VDRL antigen that makes reaction easy to read
Charcoal
41
Gauge of antigen delivery needle in VDRL test
Gauge 18
42
Gauge of antigen delivery needle in RPR test
Gauge 20
43
VDRL Rotation
180 RPM for 4 minutes
44
RPR rotation
100 RPM for 8 minutes
45
VDRL is examined
Microscopically
46
RPR is examined
Macroscopically
47
SLE, RA, IM, pregnancy causes what type of error in RPR test
False-positive
48
Ineffective reagent and improper rotation causes what type of error in RPR test
False-negative
49
Type of microscope used in FTA-ABS
Darkfield
50
TPI result is <20% treponemes immobilized. How to report
Negative
51
TPI result is >50% treponemes immobilized. How to report
Positive
52
TPI result is 20-50% treponemes immobilize. How to report
Doubtful
53
Hepatitis with FECAL ORAL mode of transmission
Hepatitis A and E
54
VERY INFECTIOUS and also found in serum of CHRONIC CARRIER. What hepatitis marker (s) is/are present
HbsAg, HbeAg, Anti-HbC
55
RECOVERY STATE of disease; no longer infectious. What hepatitis marker (s) is/are present
Anti-HBc, Anti-Hbe, Anti-HBs
56
Immune because of hepatitis B vaccination. What hepatitis marker is present
Anti-HBs
57
Body fluid that does not contain HBV
Sputum
58
Serologic test for Candida spp.
Latex particle agglutination
59
Clinically significant result of latex particle agglutination
More than or equal to 1:8
60
Weil-Felix test: OX-19 and OX-2 positive
Rocky mountain spotted fever Endemic typhus Epidemic typhus
61
Causative agent of "rocky mountain spotted fever"
Rickettsia rickettsii
62
Causative agent of "murine typus" / "ENDEMIC typhus"
Rickettsia typhi
63
Murine typhus/endemic typhus vector
Rat flea
64
Causative agent of "EPIDEMIC typhus" / "Brill-zinsser disease"
Rickettsia prowazekii
65
Epidemic typhus / Brill-Zinsser disease vector
Human louse
66
Weil-Felix test: OX-K positive
Scrub typhus
67
Causative agent of crab typhus
Orientia tsutsugamushi
68
RF latex test titer reading of 20-40
Weakly positive
69
RF latex test titer reading of <20
Negative
70
RF latex test titer reading of >80
Positive
71
Davidsohn differential test for heterophile antibodies: Adsorbed by beef; NOT ADSORBED by GUINEA pigs
Infectious mononucleosis
72
Davidsohn differential test for heterophile antibodies: Adsorbed by guinea pigs; NOT ADSORBED by beef
Forssman
73
Davidsohn differential test for heterophile antibodies: Adsorbed by BOTH beef and guinea pigs
Serum sickness

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