Immunology & Sm Ruminants

Question 1

Antibodies associated with:

1) mucosal immunity
2) humoral immunity

Answer 1

1) IgA

2) IgG & IgM

Question 2

Important diseases that require CMI to control (4)

Answer 2

Herpes (IBR, BHV-1)
BRSV
PI-3
intracellular bacteria

Question 3

4 important diseases that require HUMORAL immunity for control

Answer 3

BVDV
Pasteurella
E. coli
Rota virus

Question 4

3 things that can impact response to a vaccine

Answer 4

high stress
other concurrent infections
nutritional deficiency

Question 5

Which adjuvant is able to specifically effect both B & T cells?

Answer 5

Dual phase polymer lipid

Question 6

Which vaccine type allows for distinction between wild-type infections from vaccination

Answer 6

Gene-deleted vaccine

Question 7

Facial asymmetry, head shaking, and excess nasal discharge are indicative of? How would you confirm?

Answer 7

Enzootic nasal tumor

biopsy (positive apical staining)

Question 8

Sinusitis, rhinitis, and sneezing can all be indicative of? how would you treat?

Answer 8

Oestrus ovis infestation

Ivermectin

Question 9

Sinusitis most commonly occurs secondary to which 2 things?

Answer 9

Dehorning

Abscessed tooth

Question 10

3 causative agents associated with pharyngitis

Answer 10

T. pyogenes
F. necrophorum
C. pseudotuberculosis (causes CLA!!)

Question 11

painful swallowing, anorexia, coughing, and pyrexia with a history of eating rough feedstuff would indicate?

Primary way to diagnose?

Answer 11

Pharyngitis

endoscopy

Question 12

What should you NOT do when treating caseous lymphandenitis?

Answer 12

Lance or lavage (can spread the infection more)

Question 13

Edema and suppuration of the arytenoid cartilages that leads to dyspnea, cyanosis, and anorexia

Answer 13

Laryngeal chondritis

Question 14

This disease is considered congenital and can cause exercise intolerance and coughing; how is it treated?

Answer 14

Tracheal collapse

surgery (prosthetic tracheal rings)

Question 15

Most common and most important infectious bacterial disease of sheep and goats

2 most common etiologies?

Answer 15

Pasteurellosis

M. haemolytica (mostly)
P. multocida

Question 16

Which biotype of M. haemolytica is the most common isolate in ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis & also commonly causes mastitis in sheep?

Answer 16

A2

Question 17

2 common necropsy findings associated with pasteurellosis

Answer 17

1) fibrinopurulent pleuropneumonia

2) oat cells (surrounding areas of necrosis)

Question 18

Therapy for acute respiratory viruses should be directed at:

Answer 18

preventing/treating secondary bacterial pathogens

Question 19

4 important respiratory viruses of sheep and goats

Answer 19

PI-3
Adenovirus
Resp. syncytial virus
Ovine/Caprine Herpes virus

Question 20

Which virus shares association with ovine pulmonary carcinoma

Answer 20

herpes virus (ovine and caprine)

Question 21

Mycoplasma:

1) age group commonly affected

Answer 21

lambs <1 year

Question 22

Cranial lung lobe consolidation, cuffing-type pneumonia, and nodular hyaline scars are seen at necropsy after infection with?

Answer 22

Mycoplasma (Enzootic pneumonia, Chronic nonprogressive pneumonia, and atypical pneumonia)

Question 23

2 common routes of exposure for Mycobacterium bovis (TB)

Answer 23

inhalation (most common)

through milk

Question 24

An obligate intracellular bacteria that can cause a dry, hacking cough

Answer 24

Chlamydia psittaci

Question 25

Ovine progressive pnuemonia/Maedi (OPP) persists within?

Answer 25

monocytes & macrophages

Question 26

Two diseases associated with mastitis (hard bag)

Answer 26

OPP | CAE (caprine arthritis encephalitis)

Question 27

This disease, transmitted by Culicoides gnats, causes a cyanotic tongue and petechiation

Answer 27

Blue tongue virus

Question 28

Most common route of transmission for CAE (carpine arthritis-encephalitis)

Answer 28

colostrum feeding (heat treat to avoid)

Question 29

most serious pox disease of domestic animals (not found in the US)

Answer 29

Sheep pox