Inflammatory Disorders GI

Question 1

acute gastritis

Answer 1

Temporary inflammation of stomach lining only

Lasts 2-10 days

Question 2

cause of acute gastritis

Answer 2

Irritating substances – alcohol
Drugs, NSAIDS– prostaglandin blocker
Infectious agents – H pylori

Question 3

chronic gastritis

Answer 3

Progressive disorder with chronic inflammation of stomach

Lasts weeks to years

Question 4

complications of chronic gastritis

Answer 4

Peptic ulcer disease
Bleeding
Ulcers
Anemia
Gastric cancers

Question 5

cause of chronic gastritis

Answer 5

Auto immune – attacks parietal cells
H pylori infection

Question 6

T/F chronic gastritis is a rapid process

Answer 6

False, progressive disorder

Question 7

H. pylori infection

Answer 7

Helicobacter pylori bacterium
Gram-negative, spiral

Destructive pattern of persistent inflammation

Question 8

what kind of environment does H. pylori thrive in?

Answer 8

Acidic

Question 9

how is H. pylori transmitted

Answer 9

Person to person saliva
Fecal matter
Vomit
Contaminated food/water

Question 10

s/sx gastritis

Answer 10

Sometimes asymptomatic
Anorexia, anemia
N/V
Post prandial discomfort – after eating
Intestinal gas
Hematemesis
Tarry stool

Question 11

acute gastroenteritis

Answer 11

Inflammation of stomach and small intestine

Question 12

cause of acute gastroenteritis

Answer 12

Viral infections – Norovirus, rotavirus
Bacterial infection – E. coli, salmonella, Campylobacter
Parasitic infections

Question 13

how long can a cute gastroenteritis last?

Answer 13

Normally one to three days
But can last up to 10 days

Question 14

s/sx acute gastroenteritis

Answer 14

Watery diarrhea – bloody or bacteria
Abdominal pain
N/V
Fever, Malaise

Question 15

t/f fluid volume excess is a complication of acute gastroenteritis

Answer 15

False, fluid volume deficit

Question 16

peptic ulcer disease

Answer 16

Ulcerative disease of upper G.I.

Can occur in the esophagus, stomach, duodenum

Question 17

how does peptic ulcer disease develop?

Answer 17

When GIs exposed to increased acidity in H. pylori infection

Question 18

what is the stomach’s defensive factors?

Answer 18

Mucus
Bicarbonate
Blood flow
Prostaglandins

Question 19

what are the aggressive factors?

Answer 19

H pylori infection
NSAIDS
Acid/pepsin
Smoking

Question 20

Cause of peptic ulcer disease

Answer 20

H. pylori
Injury causing substances – NSAIDS, aspirin, alcohol
Excess secretion of acid
Smoking
Family history

Question 21

can stress cause peptic ulcer disease?

Answer 21

No, but stress increase is gastric acid secreted with a stress response

Question 22

risk factors for peptic ulcer disease

Answer 22

Increased NSAID use – induced peptic, ulcer disease
Increase age
History of Peptic ulcer disease
corticosteroid and anticoagulants
Serious stomach diseases – auto immune
H. pylori infection

Question 23

pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease

Answer 23

Mucus is damaged
Histamine is secreted – increase acid and pepsin secretion, further damage
vasodilation – causes edema
If blood vessels are destroyed – bleeding

Question 24

duodenal ulcer

Answer 24

Most common type
Occurs at any age, early adulthood

Question 25

gastric/peptic ulcer

Answer 25

Ages, 50 to 70 Due to increased NSAID use, corticosteroids, anticoagulants, serious systemic diseases

Question 26

s/sx peptic ulcer disease

Answer 26

can be asymptomatic N/V Anorexia, weight loss Bleeding Burning pain

Question 27

what makes the burning pain worse?

Answer 27

Occurs in the middle abdomen Worse with empty stomach

Question 28

gastric symptoms

Answer 28

Burning, cramping, gas like Occurs in epigastrium, back One to two hours after eating

Question 29

Duodenal symptoms

Answer 29

Burning, cramping, gas like Occurs in epigastrium, back 2 to 4 hours after eating

Question 30

what is the main difference between gastric and duodenal symptoms?

Answer 30

Timing of symptoms after eating

Question 31

complications of peptic ulcer disease

Answer 31

HOP hemorrhage – intestines are vascular Obstruction – scar tissue, strictures Perforation and peritonitis