Influence, Perception & Identity Flashcards
(20 cards)
What are the 4 types of national and regional factors that influence a place
- politics
- transport and infrastructure
- nearby urban areas
- regional governance
Give an example of how politics can influence a place nationally
The Conservative government under Margaret Thatcher made efforts to rationalise the mining industry in the 1980s and this reduced employment in many mining towns in counties like Yorkshire.
Give an example of how politics can influence a place regionally
- Lots of regions ‘historically’ support only the Labour or Conservative parties and they almost always support the same party in General Elections.
- The Liverpool Walton constituency has been a Labour seat since 1964.
Give 2 examples of how transport and infrastructure can influence a place nationally
- Communities around Heathrow Airport will be affected by the jobs created and the surrounding noise pollution created by planes.
- Communities may be affected by the development of HS2, trying to reduce the journey time from Manchester and Leeds to London.
Give an example of how transport and infrastructure can influence a place regionally
Good rail links into London have made places like Sevenoaks attractive to live for professionals who work in London.
Give an example of how nearby urban areas can influence a place regionally
Many people may choose to live close to regional shopping destinations like the Trafford Centre, Westfield or Cheshire Oaks.
Give an example of how regional governance can influence a place
- Initiatives like Local Enterprise Partnerships try to work out what skills and projects a region needs.
- They will then work with local councils and businesses to solve them.
- There are 38 LEPs in England.
What are the 7 types of international and global factors that influence a place
- international trade agreeements
- MNCs and global retailers
- global tourism opportunities
- Custom Unions
- Twinning arrangements
- Migration
- International airports
Give 2 examples of which international trade agreements influence a place?
1) International Trade Agreements like the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy can affect how farmers can behave. This impacts the profitability of farming, the types of crops that are grown and the rural areas where the farmers live.
2) The Sustainable Fisheries Agreement in the EU will also affect coastal towns and the fishing industry in the UK.
Give 2 examples of which MNCs and global retailers influence a place?
1) MNCs can contribute towards creating ‘clone high streets’. Inditex has Zara shops all over the world. Domino’s and McDonald’s can be found in the UK, the US and many other countries.
2) Companies like Facebook (which owns Instagram) and Google have offices and create jobs in the USA, UK and almost every country globally.
Give an example of which global tourism opportunities influence a place?
In London and Barcelona, there are sightseeing bus tours, which create jobs and may create pollution for local residents.
Give 2 examples of how custom unions influence a place
1) The European Regional Development Fund is a fund supported by the EU, which tries to invest in regional projects across Europe.
2) The ERDF funded Road Crossing Enhancements in Manchester and a project called ‘Food Northwest’, aiming to improve the restaurant industry in the North.
When did twinning arrangements start and why was it implemented?
Twinning arrangements between similar towns began in 1947, after WW2, in an attempt to increase intercultural understanding.
Give 2 examples of which twinning arrangements influence a place?
1) Rome and Paris were twinned in 1956.
2) Coventry is twinned with 20 towns, including Belgrade in Serbia and Jinan in China.
Give an example of which international airports influence a place
High volume of tourists or travellers entering an area may lead to a lot of Holiday Inns, restaurants or other infrastructure being developed to cater to the tourists and airport.
What other influences are also important in affecting places?
Historic influences
Give 3 examples of historic ethnic composition influencing a place
1) After World War 2, UK governments encouraged West Indian and India/Pakistani people to migrate to the UK to work in service industries like the NHS and London Underground. This has been called the ‘Windrush generation’ (named after the first ship bringing West Indian workers to the UK in 1948).
2) In the 1930s and 1940s, many European Jews moved to the UK or USA.
3) In the Irish Potato Famine, many Irish people moved to the USA and this still shapes Irish communities in the USA today.
Give 2 examples of how historic features influence a place
1) William Shakespeare’s presence in Stratford-upon-Avon is still recognised today.
2) Old historic buildings like St Pauls’ Cathedral in London can still shape areas and regions today.
Give 2 examples of how perception and image of a place influences a place
1) Ricky Gervais’ ‘The Office’ portrayed Slough as an undesirable place. This is partly because of the image of industrial buildings and secondary economic activities.
2) Sacha Baron Cohen’s Ali G used Staines as the location for his film, again to use the perception of the place for dramatic effect.
Give an example of how a population’s identity influences a place
In the UK, people from the North, ‘Northerners’, are often proud of their Northern roots when they meet people from the South. Likewise, people from the South are often proud of their roots.
