Inhibitory learning pt 2

Question 1

Removal of safety signals

Answer 1

Reduction of fear is inhibited, gradually take away safety signels

Question 2

Variability

Answer 2

Traditionally; hierarchical steps toward extinction.

Here: Random exposure to diff intensity, diff stimuli, diff exposure time etc.

Question 3

Retrieval cues

Answer 3

Including retrieval cues of the CS-no US association. *can become safety signal, only diff is fact that normal safety is directly associated w non-occurrence of US.

For example’ writsband that reminds them of what they learned in exp.

Question 4

Multiple contexts

Answer 4

In extinction learning use diff contexts, like interoceptive, imaginal, alone, unfamiliar etc.

Question 5

Reconsolidation

Answer 5

Memory is written into long memory, New studies try to change memories during reconsolidation in retrieval.

Enhances retrieval of extinction learning rather than erasing acq

Question 6

Disrupting memory reconsolidation

Answer 6

When learning something new, you consolditate a memory in long term (inactive). When you reactivate the memory you can change it, and reconsolidate to inactive updated form.

If the environment changes, it’s a reason to change and adapt what you have learned; memory.

Question 7

Protein synthesis necessary for LTM

Answer 7

You learn based on an action potential that is stored into long term memory, which needs protein synthesis (creating neural network RNA transcription, adapting the structure).

If you interfere with this process eg by giving a blocker of protosynthesis, the memory will be gone.

Question 8

Animal model

Answer 8

Anisomycin was injected in Amygdala. Learned fear, Short term memory remained, learned fear behavior existed in both groups. After 24 hrs, the anisomycin didn’t show learned fear anymore.

Didn’t work if:
Memory was not reactivated (drug doesn’t disrupt al memory consolidation, only if reactivated)

Drug should be given within 6 hrs after memory consolidation, otherwise doesn’t work.

Short term memory test must be within 4 hrs.

Question 9

Human model

Answer 9

Propanolol io anisomycin. Three groups; placebo, propenalol and no reactivation
Day 1 fear learning,
Day 2 reactivate and give placebo/prop or no
Day 3 Extinction
Day 3 or 1 mnth test return of fear.

Also given after reactivation, otherwise you might not reactivate the fear in the first place.

No general dampening effect, works only of drug is given in conjunction with activation. It doesn’t gradually decline, but abrupt and cognitive change is not necessary.