Explanatory models

Question 1

Social defeat hypothesis

Answer 1

Feeling of social exclusion (migrants, deaf children) leads to dopamine sensitisation, which leads to elevated risk of pscyhotic disorders.

Question 2

Neurocognitive theories explaining hallucinations

Answer 2

Errors in source monitoring;
- ‘inner speech’ hypothesis, differentiation between internally and externally represented info gets disturbed, internal is assigned as external source.
However: not all attribution errors lead to hallucinations

Perception isn’t just coming from the senses but also from expectations (top-down)

Mental imagery doesn’t seem to be just perception, also possible that top-down factors are given more importance by the brain

Question 3

Meta-cognitive

Answer 3

Intrusive thought that you don’t like (I don’t mean anything). Attributing that as ‘ someone else thinks that’ it’s easier to accept.

Question 4

Self-regulatory executive funciton model

Answer 4

Positive beliefs about worry

Causing negative beliefs about controllability of thoughts

Cognitive confidence

Negative beliefs about thoughts in general.

Rewarding into maladaptive behaviour