Innate immunity

Question 1

the first 3 steps of innate immunity include what

Answer 1

mechanical
chemical - enzymes
microbiological - flora

Question 2

cells of innate immunity are called what

Answer 2

leukocytes

Question 3

what leukocytes are found in the tissue

Answer 3

macrophage
dendritic cell
mast cells

Question 4

what leukocytes are found in blood

Answer 4

neurtophil
eosinophil
basophil

Question 5

for inflammation mast cells/macrophages produce what

Answer 5

histamine
cytokines
prostaglandins

Question 6

what soluble proteins are relased for inflammation

Answer 6

complement
C-reactive proteins
lysozymes

Question 7

DAMPS

Answer 7

damage-associated molecular patterns

Question 8

PAMPs

Answer 8

pathogen- associated molecular patterns

Question 9

DAMPS and PAMPS are sensed by

Answer 9

PRR

pattern recognition receptors

Question 10

how does innate recognize pathogens

Answer 10

different pathogens have general signatures

Question 11

name 3 receptor families that detect pathogen signature

Answer 11

Toll-like receptor
NOD like receptor
RIG like receptor

Question 12

Toll-like receptor

Answer 12

prototypical PRR, multiple targets

Question 13

NOD like receptor

RIG like receptor

Answer 13

cytoplasmic on multiple cell

RIG - virus

Question 14

where are Toll like receptors expressed

Answer 14

surface or endosome

Question 15

Toll like receptors signal through what adaptor protein

Answer 15

MyD88 or TLR3

Question 16

what does Toll like receptors activate

Answer 16

NFKB and IRFs

Question 17

NFKB regulates what process

Answer 17

inflammation

Question 18

what is the most common Toll like receptor

Answer 18

LPS

Question 19

macrohpages are what

Answer 19

professional innate cells

Question 20

what are two roles for macrophages

Answer 20

kill microbes

signal to adaptive immunity

Question 21

what type of receptors does machrophages show

Answer 21

cytokine and complement

Question 22

who alerts the macrophages

Answer 22

PAMPs and DAMPs

Question 23

macrophage releases IL-1 beta

Answer 23

fever

Question 24

macrophage releases TNF- alpha

Answer 24

fever

Question 25

macrophage releases IL-6

Answer 25

Fever

Question 26

macrophage releases CXL8

Answer 26

recruites basophils

T cells

Question 27

macrophage releases IL-12

Answer 27

activates NK

Question 28

what three cytokines can lead to septic shock and even death

Answer 28

IL1
IL6
TNF alpha

Question 29

what innate immune proteins does the liver produce

Answer 29

C-reactive protein

mannose-binding

Question 30

what cytokine induces liver to produce proteins

Answer 30

IL6

Question 31

missing self hypothesis

Answer 31

if cell is missing MHC class 1, then NK cells will attach

Question 32

Nk cells produce what cytokine

Answer 32

IFN gama

Question 33

NK cells respond to

Answer 33

IL12
TNF alpha
IFN type 1 alpha/beta

Question 34

virus-infected cell produces what interferons

Answer 34

IFN beta

IFN alpha

Question 35

what does INF beta do

Answer 35

goes to uninfected cell and prevents infection

Question 36

what does INF alpha do

Answer 36

1. resistance to viral DNA
2. increase MHC class 1
3. activate NK cells

Question 37

mast cells and basophils are covered with what

Answer 37

PRRs

IgE

Question 38

what do mast cells/basophils release

Answer 38

pre-synthesized TNF-alpha, histamine

Question 39

what other cell does mast cell/basophil cell release

Answer 39

dendritic cell

Question 40

neutrophils end in what formation and what does this achieve

Answer 40

NETS

immobilize pathogen

Question 41

what is the 4 step process of brining in neurtophil

Answer 41

rolling adhesion: selectin
tight binding: LFA-1
diapedesis: CD31
Migration:

Question 42

eosinophil fight was kind of infection

Answer 42

parasitic infection