Integument II Flashcards Preview

A. White- Histology > Integument II > Flashcards

Flashcards in Integument II Deck (16)
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1
Q

Describe Sebaceous Glands

A
  • Holocrine glands
  • Branched acinar glands with short ducts
  • Found everywhere except palms and soles
  • Continuously produce sebum
    * Released into hair follicle
  • Growth is stimulated at puberty by sex hormones
2
Q

Describe merocrine glands

A
  • Coiled, simple tubular secretory portions:
    * Lined by simple epithelium
    * Apical dark secretory cells secrete glycoproteins
    * Basal clear cells secrete water and electrolytes
    * Myoepithelial cells
  • Duct system consists of stratified cuboidal epithelium except in epidermis.
  • Cholinergic endings
3
Q

What are the two types of sudoriferous glands?

A

merocrine and apocrine

4
Q

Describe apocrine glands

A
  • Found in labia majora, areola, and axillary and anal regions.
  • Secretions are thicker and more viscous than merocrine types.
  • Excretory duct opens into hair follicle.
  • Adrenergic innervation
  • Inactive until puberty
  • Special types:
    • Ceruminous glands
    • Glands of Moll
5
Q

List the components of a hair follicle.

A
  • Root
  • Free shaft
  • Hair follicle
6
Q

What is a hair follicle developed from?

A

epidermis as elastic, keratinized threads

7
Q

What are associated with hair follicles?

A

Sebaceous glands and arrector pili muscles

8
Q

Describe a hair bulb.

A
  • Expanded lower part of hair follicle
  • Matrix
  • Vascularized dermal papilla
9
Q

List and describe the two sheaths of a hair follicle.

A
  • External root sheath:
    • Down growth of epidermis
  • Internal root sheath:
    • Generated by bulb matrix
    • Layers:
      * Henle’s layer (outermost)
      * Huxley’s layer
      * Cuticle
      * Interlocks with cuticle of hair shaft
10
Q

List the layers of the hair shaft.

A
  • Medulla (innermost)
  • Cortex
  • Cuticle
11
Q

What cells can reestablish epidermis in severely burned

patients.

A

Keratinocyte Stem Cells

12
Q

List the migration pathways of keratinocyte stem cells.

A
  • Bulb-epidermis stem cell pathway
  • Bulb-sebaceous gland stem cell pathway
  • Bulb-hair stem cell pathway
13
Q

List the signalling pathways of keratinocyte stem cells.

A
  • Wnt signaling pathway

* Notch signaling pathway

14
Q

You treat a cancer patient with chemotherapy. Which layer of the skin will most likely be affected by the chemotherapy treatment?

A

stratum basale

15
Q

You examine a slide of skin taken from the palm of a cadaver. You notice that there is an extra layer of skin between the stratum corneum and granulosum. What is this extra layer?

A

stratum lucidum

16
Q

You encounter a patient in the ER who has suffered a second degree burn. What type of cells in the skin will regenerate the epidermis?

A

Keratinocyte stem cells.