Integumentary

Question 1

epidermis is derived from

Answer 1

surface ectoderm

Question 2

dermis is derived from

Answer 2

mesoderm

Question 3

periderm becomes

Answer 3

vernix caseosa

Question 4

replaces periderm and forms layers of skin

Answer 4

basal layer

Question 5

fingerprints are formed at week ___ from this layer of skin

Answer 5

10

stratum germinativum

Question 6

where can you find thick skin

Answer 6

palms of hands and soles of feet

Question 7

5 layers of epidermis

Answer 7

stratum basale

stratum spinosum

stratum granulosum

stratum lucidum

stratum corneum

Question 8

layer that is only present in thick skin

Answer 8

stratum lucidum

Question 9

layer that contains keratin granules

Answer 9

stratum granulosum

Question 10

four kinds of cells found in skin

Answer 10

keratinocytes

Langerhans cells

Merkle cells

Melanocytes

Question 11

derived from monocytes, present in stratum spinosum and contribute to immune function

Answer 11

Langerhans cells

Question 12

derived from NCC, mechanoreceptor cells in skin

Answer 12

Merkle cells

Question 13

derived from NCC, produce melanin before birth, protecting against UV radiation

Answer 13

Melanocytes

Question 14

what causes albinism

what causes vitiligo

Answer 14

melanocytes don’t produce melanin (but are alive)

progressive loss of melanin as melanocytes die

Question 15

what are the 2 regions of the dermis

Answer 15

papillary region (superficial)

reticular region (deep)

Question 16

where would you find Meissner corpuscles, and what are they?

Answer 16

mechanoreceptors found in papillary region of dermis

Question 17

where would you find Pacinian corpuscles, and what are they?

Answer 17

pressure and vibration receptors found in the reticular region of the dermis

Question 18

which region of dermis has blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics?

Answer 18

papillary

Question 19

which region of dermis has accessory structures and arrector pili muscles?

Answer 19

reticular

Question 20

what is the hypodermis?

Answer 20

layer of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue between dermis and fascia

Question 21

There are ___ layers of epidermis and ____ regions of dermis

Answer 21

5

2

Question 22

excessive keratinization – dryness and fish-skin like scales

Answer 22

ichthyosis

Question 23

benign tumors or endothelial cells that contain blood, giving a port wine stain

Answer 23

hemangiomas

Question 24

glands that grow down and coil to form secretory part

Answer 24

sweat glands

Question 25

glands that grow into dermis off of the hair follicles and along the epidermis

Answer 25

sebaceous glands

Question 26

direction of hair follicle formation

Answer 26

from epidermis down to dermis

Question 27

hair follicle contains (2)

Answer 27

hair bud - forms hair bulb hair matrix - in hair bulb and forms hair shaft

Question 28

first hair to develop

Answer 28

lanugo

Question 29

where is hair first visible (3), and when?

Answer 29

eyebrow, upper lip, chin week 12

Question 30

two types of hair and what they're used for

Answer 30

vellus hair - tactile sensations (human hair) terminal hair - thermal insulation (other primates)

Question 31

basal lamina that separates dermis from follicular epithelium in hair follicle

Answer 31

glassy membrane

Question 32

two parts of the hair bulb

Answer 32

dermal papilla hair root

Question 33

outer layers of follicular epithelium (hair follicle): ______ inner layers: ______

Answer 33

external root sheath internal root sheath

Question 34

three layers of hair shaft (xs)

Answer 34

medulla - core cortex - layer outside medulla cuticle - outside dense glossy layer

Question 35

when do nails develop

Answer 35

10 weeks

Question 36

Nail development: _______ migrate onto dorsal surface and get covered by _______ (epidermis) _______ keratinized to form _______, which grows _______ (direction)

Answer 36

nail fields nail folds nail fields nail plate proximally

Question 37

another name for cuticle

Answer 37

eponychium

Question 38

region of nail root beneath proximal nail fold

Answer 38

nail matrix

Question 39

mammary glands are modified _________

Answer 39

sweat glands

Question 40

thickened strips of ectoderm that extend from axillary to inguinal region and are the basis for supernumerary nipples

Answer 40

mammary crest

Question 41

mammary gland becomes depressed to form _________, which forms nipples after birth

Answer 41

mammary pit

Question 42

lactiferous ducts develop from ______ that are a down growth of epidermis at the crest

Answer 42

mammary buds

Question 43

how many lactiferous ducts are there by birth?

Answer 43

10 to 15

Question 44

excessive male mammary tissue:______ extra breasts: _______ extra nipples: ________

Answer 44

gynecomastia polymastia polythelia

Question 45

U-shaped bands deep in tissue that develops 10 centers of proliferation for tooth buds

Answer 45

dental lamina

Question 46

describe odontogenesis

Answer 46

NCC induce changes in ectoderm. In week 6 epithelium thickens to form dental lamina

Question 47

fills dental papilla and forms internal part of tooth

Answer 47

tooth bud

Question 48

produces enamel

Answer 48

ectoderm of developing tooth

Question 49

hardest substance in the body

Answer 49

enamel

Question 50

surrounding mesenchyme of tooth forms _______, which forms________ (CT covering root) and __________ (vascular CT around root that helps anchor tooth in alveolus)

Answer 50

dental sac cement periodontal ligament

Question 51

_________ differentiates into ondontoblasts

Answer 51

dental papilla

Question 52

odontoblasts produce ________ to deposit epithelium below enamel, which calcifies and becomes _______

Answer 52

predentine dentin