Integumentary Physiology Flashcards
(143 cards)
1
Q
5 layers of the Epidermis
A
Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum & Stratum Basale
2
Q
It is a protein that gives a transparent appearance or skin in Stratum Lucidum
A
Eleidin
3
Q
It is a prickle cell in the Stratum Spinosum
A
Spines
4
Q
The function of this epidermal layer is for heat regulation and water retention
A
Stratum Granulosum
5
Q
The function of this epidermal layer is for cell proliferation
A
Stratum Basale
6
Q
What are the two important cells that can be seen in Stratum Basale?
A
Keratinocytes and Melanocytes
7
Q
What is the dark pigment primarily responsible for skin color?
A
Melanin
8
Q
What is the protein that makes up and toughens your hair, skin, and nails?
A
Keratin
9
Q
2 layers of Dermis
A
Papillary and Reticular
10
Q
What percentage does the papillary layer comprise in the dermis?
A
20%
11
Q
What percentage does the reticular layer comprise in the dermis?
A
80%
12
Q
It is the function of the dermal papillae projections of the Papillary dermal layer.
A
Increase Surface Area
13
Q
What fibers are contained in the reticular dermal layer?
A
Collagen and Elastin Fibers
14
Q
Receptor for pain and itch
A
Free Nerve Endings
15
Q
Receptor for 2 point discrimination
A
Meissner’s Corpuscles
16
Q
Receptor of Heat
A
Ruffini’s
17
Q
Receptor for Cold
A
Krause End Bulb
18
Q
Receptor for light touch
A
Merkel’s discs and Meissner’s Corpuscles
19
Q
Receptor for Vibration and Pressure
A
Pacinian
20
Q
Receptors found in the Epidermis
A
FNE and Merkel’s Discs
21
Q
Receptors found in the Papillary Dermis
A
Meissner’s Corpuscles, Ruffini’s and Krause End Bulb
22
Q
Receptor found in the Reticular Dermis
A
Pacinian
23
Q
The layer of skin has the function of insulation, support, and cushion.
A
Subcutaneous Tissue/Hypodermis
24
Q
3 concentric layers of Hair
A
Medulla, Cuticle, Cortex
25
The layer of hair containing the hair pigment
Cortex
26
What type of hair is described as coarse, thick, and pigmented?
Terminal
27
Examples of Terminal Hair
Scalp Hair, Axillary Hair, and Pubic hair
28
What type of hair is described as short, soft, and fine?
Velus
29
Examples of Velus Hair
Arm hair and Chest Hair
30
What type of hair grows at a certain length then stops?
Definitive
31
Examples of Definitive Hair
Eyebrow and Eyelash
32
What is the compressed layer of the Stratum Corneum?
Nails
33
Koilonychia
Spoon Nails
34
Leukonychia
White Spots
35
(+) Schamroth Window Test
Digital Clubbing
36
Nail condition that is caused by a fungal infection?
Spoon Nails
37
Nail condition that is caused by trauma?
White Spots
38
What appendages secretes oil and sebum?
Sebaceous Glands
39
It lubricates and moistures hair and skin
Sebum
40
Most common skin disorder in adolescents
Acne Vulgaris
41
What appendages secretes perspiration?
Sweat Glands
42
Sweat gland that can be found in the entire surface of the body
Eccrine/Merocrine
43
Sweat gland that can only be found in axillary and genitals
Apocrine
44
What sweat gland drains in the hair?
Apocrine
45
What sweat gland drains in the sweat pores?
Eccrine/Merocrine
46
What sweat gland gets stimulated during emotional stress?
Apocrine
47
Smooth muscles that produce piloerection
Erector Pilli
48
"Hives"
Urticaria
49
S/sx: (+) Itching
Pruritus
50
S/sx: (+) eruption on skin
Rash
51
S/sx: (+) Smooth, elevated patches on skin with redness and itching
Urticaria
52
S/sx: (+) eruption on the skin (<5mm)
Vesicles
53
S/sx: (+) vesicular eruption on the skin with fluid-filled (>5mm)
Bulla/Blister
54
S/sx seen in patients with Herpes Simplex and Dermatitis
Vesicles
55
S/sx seen patients with burn or infection
Bulla/Blister
56
Change in skin color seen with carbon monoxide poisoning
Cherry Red
57
Change in skin color seen in anemia, fear/shock, lack of sunlight exposure, and arterial insufficiency
Pallor
58
Change in skin color seen in smokers, patients with advanced lung disease, CHF, and a congenital heart defect
Cyanotic
59
(+) yellow skin and sclera of the eye
Jaundice
60
(+) Yellow skin
Carotemia
61
(+) brown and yellow spots seen in aging, pregnancy, and uterine/liver malignancies
Liver Spots
62
Change in skin color seen in patients with venous insufficiency
Brownish
63
Moist Skin
Hyperhidrosis
64
Dry Skin
Hypohidrosis
65
Hidrosis of skin seen during fever, intake of hot drinks, after exercise or pneumonic crisis
Hyperhidrosis
66
Hidrosis of the skin seen during dehydration
Hypohidrosis
67
Excessive dryness of skin
Xeroderma
68
Test for hydration of the skin
Skin Turgor Test
69
A normal result for Skin Tugor Test
<5 seconds
70
Hidrosis of skin seen in patients with fear/anxiety, depression and AIDS
Cold sweats
71
Inflammation of skin with itching, redness, and skin lesion
Dermatitis/Eczema
72
3 causes of Dermatitis
Allergic, Actinic, Atropic
73
Stage of Dermatitis: (+) red, oozing crusting rash
Acute Stage
74
Stage of Dermatitis: (+) erythematous scaling and scattered plaques
Subacute Stage
75
Stage of Dermatitis: (+) thickening of the skin, increase skin markings and post-inflammatory pigmentation
Chronic stage
76
Cause of Dermatitis: Plants, Harsh Soaps, Chemicals and Adhesive Tape
Allergic
77
Cause of Dermatitis: Unknown but associated with allergies, family history, and psychological disorders
Atropic
78
Cause of Dermatitis: Exposure to sunlight or artificial lights
Actinic
79
Management for Dermatitis
Lubrication and Hydration
80
Contact Dermatitis
Allergic
81
Three skin conditions due to bacterial infection
Impetigo, Cellulits, Abcess
82
Four skin conditions due to viral infection
Herpes I, Herpes II, Herpes Zoster and Warts
83
Two skin conditions due to parasitic infection
Scabies and Lice
84
Six autoimmune skin disorders
Psoriasis, Lupus Erythematous, Scleroderma, Dermatomyositis, and Polymyositis
85
Bacterial infection s/sx: (+) Honey Colored
Impetigo
86
Suppurative inflammation of cellular or connective tissue
Cellulitis
87
A cavity containing pus surrounded by inflamed tissue
Abcess
88
A contagious superficial skin disease with inflammation, skin lesion, and itch that is commonly seen in the face and mouth of childer
Impetigo
89
Bacterial infection s/sx: fever, red edematous and hot
Cellulitis
90
Two bacteria that can cause impetigo and cellulitis
Staphylococcus and Streptococcal Infections
91
Management for Cellulits
Cool/wet dressing + anti-bacterial drug
92
Management for Abcess
Incision and draining of pus
93
"Shingles"
Herpes Zoster
94
"Herpes Simplex"
Herpes I
95
Vesicular eruption with soreness and itching in the face and mouth
Herpes I
96
Vesicular eruption in the genitals that is sexually transmitted
Herpes II
97
What virus can cause Herpes Zoster
Varicella zoster virus
98
The location where the varicella-zoster virus reacts
Dormant in cerebral ganglia/ganglia of posterior nerve roots
99
The cranial nerve affected in Herpes Zoster
CN III, V (ophthalmic branch)
100
Raised lumps on the skin caused by HPV
Warts
101
What virus can cause warts
Human Papilloma Virus
102
The common site of warts
Area of Pressure (Heel)
103
Viral Infection s/sx: (+) fever, blister and cold sore
Herpes I
104
Viral Infection s/sx: vesicular on single dermatome, pain and paresthesia on dermatome, fever, chills, and GI disturbances
Herpes Zoster
105
Viral Infection s/sx: (+) Eye pain, corneal damage, vision loss
Herpes Zoster
106
Other sites of warts
Fingers/Hands, Foot/Toes and Genitals
107
Management of Herpes Zoster
No cure yet, anti-viral drugs to decrease the progression
108
Management of Warts
Cryotherapy, Acids, OTC drugs, electrodesiccation
109
Fungal infection where there is a formation of the ring-shaped patch with redness and itching
Ringworm
110
Three transmissions of Ringworm
Person to person, Animal to person, Soil to Person
111
Type of ringworm found in the Scalp
Tinea Capitis
112
Type of ringworm found in the beard
Tinea Barbae
113
Type of ringworm found in the trunk and extremities
Tinea Corporis
114
Type of ringworm found in the nails
Tinea Unguium
115
Type of ringworm found in the groin and genitals
Tinea Cruris
116
Type of ringworm found in the foot
Tinea Pedis
117
"Mites"
Scabies
118
"Pediculosis"
Lice
119
Burrows on the skin that causes redness, itching and skin lesion
Scabies/Mites
120
An infestation of a common parasite that causes redness, itching, bitemarks, and nits
Lice/Pediculosis
121
Management for Scabies
Scabicides
122
The location where lice are seen
Scalp, body, and genitals
123
Management of Lice
Special soap
124
CREST Syndrome
Calcinosis, Raynaud's Phenomenon, Esophageal Dysmotility, Sclerodactyly, Telangiestalcia
125
Erythematous plaque covered with silvery scales
Psoriasis
126
Pit-point red lesion
Auspitz sign
127
The location where psoariasis are seen
Scalps, Elbows, Fingers, Hand, Knee, Feet
128
Type of Lupus Erythematous that presents hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation of skin
Discoid Lupus Erythematous
129
Type of Lupus Erythematous that is most common in Female > male and affects multiple system
SLE
130
Thickening and hardening of skin
Scleroderma
131
Skin lesions with dermatitis
Dermatomyositis
132
Skin lesion with atrophy of proximal muscle
Polymyositis
133
Commonly area with atrophied muscle in Polymyositis
Shoulder and Hip
134
Autoimmune s/sx: (+) Auspitz sign
Psoariasis
135
Autoimmune s/sx: Butterfly/Malar Rash
SLE
136
Autoimmune s/sx: Photosensitivity, anemia, fatigue, arthritis and Raynaud's phenomenon
SLE
137
Management for Psoariasis
Psoralens + Long wave UVR
138
Management for Lupus Erythematous, Scleroderma and Myositis
Corticosteroids + Immunosuppressive Drugs
139
Skin trauma on intact skin
Contusion
140
Skin trauma due to extraversion of blood because of weak blood vessels
Ecchymosis
141
Tiny red or purple hemorrhagic spots on skin
Petichae
142
Scraping of skin due to mechanical trauma
Abrasion
143
Irregular tear on skin due to jagged or torn skin
Laceration
