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Flashcards in Intro Deck (91)
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1
Q

anatomy that considers the organization of the human body as major parts … ex) head

A

regional

2
Q

anatomy that is the knowledge of what lies under the skin using visualization techniques… things that are palpable

A

surface anatomy

3
Q

clinical application of surface anatomy

A

physical examination

4
Q

carefully prepared dissections for demonstrating anatomical structures

A

prosections

5
Q

study of body’s organ systems and how they work together

A

systemic anatomy

6
Q

anatomy that emphasizes aspects of bodily structure and function important in the practice of medicine

A

clinical anatomy

7
Q

vertical plane passing longitudinally through the body

A

median (sagittal)

8
Q

vertical planes that pass parallel to median plane

A

sagittal

9
Q

vertical planes that create anterior and posterior

A

frontal (coronal)

10
Q

horizontal planes passing through middle of body to make superior and anterior

A

transverse

11
Q

used instead of anterior for brain

A

rostral

12
Q

something occurring on the same side of the body as another structure

A

ipsilateral

13
Q

occurring on the opposite side of the body as another structure

A

contralateral

14
Q

layer of skin that is cellular

A

epidermis

15
Q

layer of skin that has deep connective tissue

A

dermis

16
Q

also called wrinkles

A

tension lines

17
Q

fascia composed mostly of loose connective tissue and stored fat and sweat glands

A

subcutaneous fascia (tissue)

18
Q

small fibrous bands from subcutaneous fascia to underlying deep fascia

A

skin ligaments

19
Q

dense connective tissue fascia that insulates materials

A

deep fascia

20
Q

thick sheets of deep fascia separate fascial compartments and attach to bones

A

intermuscular septa

21
Q

near some joints, deep fascia thickens, forming a blank to hold tendons in place

A

retinaculum

22
Q

lies between internal surfaces of musculoskeletal walls and serous membranes lining body cavities

A

subserous fascia

23
Q

closed sacs or envelopes of serous membrane

A

bursae

24
Q

resilient connective tissue that is flexibile

A

cartilage

25
Q

fibrous connective tissue surrounding bones

A

periosteum

26
Q

fibrous connective tissue surrounding cartilage

A

perichondrium

27
Q

little cavities in spongy bone

A

spicules

28
Q

shaft of bone ossified from the primary ossification center is the blank

A

diaphysis

29
Q

part of bone ossified from secondary ossification centers

A

epiphyses

30
Q

flared part of diaphyses near the epiphyses

A

metaphyses

31
Q

growth plate

A

epiphysial plate

32
Q

microscopic canal systems in bones

A

haversian systems

33
Q

nerves in bone that cause constriction or dilation of blood vessels. thus regulating blood flow through marrow

A

periosteal nerves

34
Q

small irregular worm like bones

A

sutural bones

35
Q

fibrous joint uniting bones with a sheet of fibrous tissue

A

syndesmosis

36
Q

primary cartilaginous joints have bones united by blank

A

hyaline cartilage

37
Q

secondary cartilaginous joints are slightly movable united by blank

A

fibrocartilage

38
Q

states that the nerves supplying a joint also supply the muscles moving the joint and the skin covering their distal attachments

A

Hilton law

39
Q

hole in baby’s heads

A

fontanelles

40
Q

tendons of some muscles form flat sheets called

A

aponeuroses

41
Q

muscles with parallel fibers often with aponeuroses

A

flat

42
Q

muscles feather like

A

pennate

43
Q

muscles that are splindle shaped with a round thick belly like biceps

A

fusiform

44
Q

muscles from broad area come together and form a single tendon like pectoralis major

A

convergent

45
Q

muscles with four equal sides like rectus abdominis

A

quadrate muscles

46
Q

muscles that surround a body opening or orifice that constrict

A

sphincteral

47
Q

more than one head muscles or more than one belly (triceps)

A

multiheaded/multibellied

48
Q

two types of isotonic contraction

A

concentric, eccentric

49
Q

muscle that resists dislocating forces in joints

A

shunt muscle

50
Q

more capable of rapid and effective movements muscle type

A

spurt muscle

51
Q

muscular wall of heart

A

myocardium

52
Q

inner lining of blood vessel consisting of single layer of flat epithelial cells

A

tunica intima (endothelium)

53
Q

middle layer of blood vessel that is smooth muscle

A

tunica media

54
Q

outer connective tissue layer of blood vessel

A

tunica adventitia

55
Q

communication between multiple branches of an artery provide detours for blood flow in case the usual pathway is obstructed

A

anastomoses

56
Q

arteries without anastomoses are blank arteries

A

true terminal arteries

57
Q

a venous system linking two capillary beds is called a blank

A

portal venous system

58
Q

network of lymphatic capillaries that originate blindly in the extracellular spaces of most tissues

A

lymphatic plexuses

59
Q

tissue fluid that is found almost everywhere in the body

A

lymph

60
Q

small masses of lymphatic tissue that filter lymph vessels

A

lymph nodes

61
Q

circulating cells of the immune system that react against foreign materials

A

lymphocytes

62
Q

parts of the body that produce lymphocytes, such as the thymus

A

lymphoid organ

63
Q

duct that drains lymph from the body’s upper right quadrant

A

right lymphatic duct

64
Q

duct that drains lymph from the remainder of the body

A

thoracic duct

65
Q

neurons with two or more dendrites and a single axon… most common type of neuron

A

multipolar motor neurons

66
Q

neurons with short single process extending from the cell body

A

pseudounipolar sensory neurons

67
Q

five times as abundant as neurons and are non excitable

A

neuroglia

68
Q

these two things protect the CNS

A

csf, meninges

69
Q

CSF is located between these two layers

A

pia, arachnoid

70
Q

consists of axon, neurolemma, and surrounding endoneural connective tissue

A

nerve fiber

71
Q

consists of the cell membranes of Schwann cells that immediatly surround axon that separates it from other axons

A

neurolemma

72
Q

delicate connective tissue immediately surrounding the neurilemma cells and axons

A

endoneurium

73
Q

layer of dense connective tissue that encloses a fascicle of nerve fibers

A

perineurium

74
Q

thick connective tissue sheath that surrounds and encloses a bundle of fascicles

A

epineurium

75
Q

nerve root that is efferent

A

ventral

76
Q

nerve root that is afferent

A

dorsal

77
Q

muscle mass receiving innervation by a single spinal nerve… like a dermatome

A

myotome

78
Q

nerves that convey visceral efferent and afferent fibers to and from the viscera of the body cavities

A

splanchnic nerves

79
Q

mri is better than ct scans for blank

A

tissue differentiation

80
Q

posterior is blank

A

afferent

81
Q

anterior is blank

A

efferent

82
Q

ramus is the first blank

A

branch

83
Q

most major nerves in the body are collections of blank

A

anterior rami

84
Q

plexuses are gatherings of blank not blank

A

anterior rami, posterior rami

85
Q

posterior rami only go to blank and blank

A

back muscles, skin

86
Q

ganglion is collection of cell bodies outside blank

A

CNS

87
Q

roots and rami are blank

A

unidirectional

88
Q

white is blank

A

sensory, in

89
Q

gray is blank

A

motor, out

90
Q

these nerves are parasympathetic

A

3,7,9,10

91
Q

branches to the heart, bronchi, kidney, gi tract… major cranial nerve

A

vagus