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1
Q

study of structure of human body

A

anatomy

2
Q

anatomy that considers body as organized into segments or parts

A

regional anatomy

3
Q

anatomy that sees the body as organized into organ systems

A

systemic

4
Q

anatomy that emphasizes application of anatomical knowledge to medicine

A

clinical anatomy

5
Q

descriptive terms standardized in an international reference
guide

A

Anatomical terms

6
Q

are often used in clinical settings but are not recommended because they do
not provide anatomical context and are not standardized.

A

Eponyms

7
Q

are based on the body in the anatomical position

A

Anatomical directional terms

8
Q

blank anatomical planes divide the body

A

four

9
Q

are common and students should expect to encounter them

during dissection

A

anatomical variations

10
Q
consists of the epidermis, dermis, and 
specialized structures (hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands)
A

integumentary system

11
Q

three things about skin

A

protection/heat reg/sensation, synthesize/store vitamin d, features tension lines

12
Q

contains most of the body’s

fat stores.

A

subcutaneous tissue

13
Q

an organized connective tissue layer that completely envelops the
body beneath the subcutaneous tissue underlying the skin

A

deep fascia

14
Q

four extensions/modifications of deep fascia

A

intermuscular septa, investing fascia, subserous fascia, hold tendons in place (retinacula)

15
Q

closed sacs formed of serous membrane that occur in locations subject to
friction; they enable one structure to move freely over another.

A

bursae

16
Q

four tissue types of skeleton

A

cartilage, bone, periostium, perichondrium

17
Q

five bone classificaitons

A

long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid

18
Q

two processes of bone growth

A

intramembranous ossification, endochondral ossification

19
Q

bone growth where bone subsequently replacing most of the cartilage after birth

A

endochondral ossification

20
Q

bone growth where mesenchymal bone models are formed during the embryonic and prenatal periods

A

intramembranous ossification

21
Q

a union between two or more bones or rigid parts of the skeleton

A

joint

22
Q

three types of joints

A

fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

23
Q

most common joint

A

freely moveable synovial

24
Q

six types of freely moveable synovial

A

plane, hinge, saddle, condyloid, ball and socket, pivot

25
Q

freely movable synovial joints receive blood from blank arteries and blank

A

articular, anastomoses

26
Q

freely movable synovial joints are richly innervated by blank

A

articular nerves

27
Q

six muscle types

A

flat, pennate, fusiform, quadrate, sphincteral, multihead/multibelly

28
Q

skeletal muscle functions by

A

contracting

29
Q

muscles primarily responsible for particular movements.

A

prime movers (agonists)

30
Q

muscles that “fix” a part of a limb while another part of the limb is moving

A

fixators

31
Q

muscles that augment the action of prime movers

A

synergists

32
Q

blank muscles oppose the actions of another muscle

A

antagonists

33
Q

muscle is a striated muscle type found in the walls of the heart, or
myocardium

A

cardiac

34
Q

smooth muscle is not blank

A

striated

35
Q

smooth and cardiac muscle are innervated by blank

A

ANS

36
Q

three coats of blood vessels

A

tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia

37
Q

two fibers in arteries

A

elastic, muscle

38
Q

drains surplus fluid from the extracellular spaces to the

bloodstream.

A

lymphoid system

39
Q

two divisions of nervous system

A

CNS, PNS

40
Q

three components of a neuron

A

cell body, dendrite, axon

41
Q

transmit impulses to other neurons or to a target
organ or muscle, or in the case of sensory nerves, transmit impulses to the CNS from
peripheral sensory organs.

A

nerve fibers

42
Q

Within the CNS, a collection of nerve cell bodies is called a

A

nucleus

43
Q

in the PNS,

nerve cell body aggregations (or even solitary nerve cell bodies) constitute a

A

ganglion

44
Q

In the CNS, a bundle of nerve fibers that connect the nuclei is called a

A

tract

45
Q

in the
PNS, a bundle of nerve fibers, the connective tissue holding it together, and the blood
vessels serving it (vasa nervorum) constitute a

A

nerve

46
Q

most cranial nerves convey

a variety of

A

fibers… not just motor or sensory

47
Q

s a subdivision of the motor nervous system that

controls functions of the body not under conscious control.

A

ans

48
Q

two neuron fibers that connect the CNS with an end

organ

A

presynaptic, postsynaptic

49
Q

Based on the location of the cell body of the presynaptic fibers, the ANS can be
subdivided into two divisions

A

sympathetic, parasympathetic

50
Q

Presynaptic cell bodies of the sympathetic division are found only in the blank

A

thoracolumbar spinal cord

51
Q

presynaptic sympathetic nerve fibers terminate in blank

A

sympathetic ganglia

52
Q

Sympathetic ganglia are in the blank or blank

A

paravertebral ganglia, prevertebral ganglia

53
Q

Cell bodies of the presynaptic neurons of the parasympathetic division are in the blank and blank

A

gray matter of brainstem, sacral segments of spinal cord

54
Q

Cell bodies of postsynaptic parasympathetic neurons of the trunk are located in or on
the

A

structure being innervated

55
Q

cell bodies of postsynaptic parasympathetic neurons in the head are organized into discrete

A

ganglia

56
Q

sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions usually have opposite but
coordinated blank

A

effects

57
Q

Some nerves distributing autonomic nerve fibers to the body cavities also convey blank nerve fibers

A

visceral sensory

58
Q

these techniques enable the visualization of anatomy in living people

A

medical imaging

59
Q

The primary goal of medical imaging is, of course, to

A

detect pathology

60
Q

a
sound knowledge of radiologic anatomy is required to distinguish pathologies and
abnormalities from

A

normal anatomy

61
Q

motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates

A

motor unit

62
Q

everyday activity that latissimus dorsi does

A

wiping

63
Q

nervous is functionally divided into these two divisions

A

ANS, SNS

64
Q

fibers that innervate joints, skin, and skeletal muscle

A

somatosensory fibers

65
Q

fibers that innervate skeletal muscle

A

somatomotor fibers

66
Q

fibers that innervate glands, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle

A

visceromotor fibers

67
Q

fibers that innervate vessels and viscera

A

viscerosensory fibers

68
Q

a nerve can carry many different types of blank

A

fibers

69
Q

in PNS there are blank cranial nerves and blank spinal nerves

A

12, 31 (plus spinal root of XI)

70
Q

cranial nerves begin in the blank

A

brainstem

71
Q

provides general sensory and motor innervation to all of the body

A

somatic nervous system

72
Q

this system does touch, pain, temperature, and position

A

somatic sensory system

73
Q

this system does all voluntary and reflexive movements

A

somatic motor system

74
Q

learn i 41 in the book including posterior primary ramus, anterior primary ramus, thing in the middle,

A

okay

75
Q

a reflex synapses in the blank not blank

A

spinal cord, brain

76
Q

controls movement of involuntary musculature and glands

A

visceral motor system

77
Q

visceral motor system is part of the blank systenm

A

autonomic nervous

78
Q

between pages 58 - 61 look at diagrams

A

okay

79
Q

cell bodies of sympathetic visceral motor system reside in blank

A

intermediolateral cell columns

80
Q

intermediolateral cell columns are part of blank matter from blank to blank segments

A

gray, T1, L3

81
Q

cell bodies of sympathetic visceral motor exit through blank then through blank

A

anterior primary rami, white rami communicantes

82
Q

sympathetic presynaptic fibers synapse usually at the blank column at the blank ganglia

A

paravertebral column, sympathetic

83
Q

white rami communicantes is blank and blank from the spinal nerve

A

in, farther

84
Q

gray rami communicantes is blank and is blank to the spinal nerve

A

out, closer to

85
Q

the blank column is sympathetic and serves viscera unlike the paravertebral column

A

prevertebral

86
Q

parasympathetic cell bodies reside in blank and blank

A

sacral gray matter (S2-S4), brainstem gray matter (CN 3,7,9,10)