Introduction to General pathology

Question 1

Pathology

Answer 1

study of disease

Question 2

medical specialty

Answer 2

use to understand how disease works

diagnose disease by signs and disease prevention

Question 3

pathology studies

Answer 3

structural, biochemical, and functional changes in the cell> tissue > organ

Question 4

general pathology

Answer 4

focuses on the functional cellular and tissue responses to pathologic stimuli

Question 5

systemic pathology

Answer 5

focuses on the study of the specific responses of specialized organs and tissues to pathologic stimuli

Question 6

disease

Answer 6

abnormal body process with or without characteristic signs
May affect the whole body or any of its parts
Begins at the molecular and cellular level

Question 7

the four aspects of disease process that form the core of pathology are:

Answer 7

1. Etiology
2. Pathogenesis
3. Molecular and morphologic changes
4. Clinical manifestations

Question 8

Etiology

Answer 8

• cause of disease

Question 9

Two major classes of etiology :

Answer 9

genetic (intrinsic)

acquired (extrinsic)

Question 10

Genetic ( intrinsic)

Answer 10

inherited mutations, disease- associated gene variants polmorphisms

Question 11

Acquired (extrinsic)

Answer 11

infectious, nutritional, chemical, physical

Question 12

Pathogenesis

Answer 12

• refers to the mechanisms of disease development
• sequence of event from initial stimulus to the ultimate expression of the disease in the response of cells or tissues to thee etiology

Question 13

Molecular and morphological changes

Answer 13

• refers to biochemical and structural alterations induced in the cells and organs of the body.
• the changes may be characteristic of a disease or diagnostic of an etiologic process

Question 14

Clinical maifestations

Answer 14

results from genetic, biochemical, and structural changes in cells and tissues

Question 15

diagnosis

Answer 15

concise statement or conclusion concerning the nature, cause, or name of a disease

Question 16

clinical diagnosis

Answer 16

• based on case history, clinical signs, physical examination
• may provide differential diagnosis

Question 17

differential diagnosis

Answer 17

list of diseases that could account for the evidence or lesions of the case

Question 18

morphologic diagnosis

Answer 18

• based on the predominant lesions in the tissues

- macroscopic, microscopic

Question 19

etiologic diagnosis

Answer 19

it is a more definitive diagnosis and names the specific cause(s) of the disease

Question 20

clinical pathologic diagnosis

Answer 20

based on the changes observed in the chemistry of fluids and the hematology

Question 21

prognosis

Answer 21

outcome

Question 22

pathognomic

Answer 22

characteristic or indicative of a specific disease