Keratoconus

Question 1

Description

Answer 1

Progressive, non inflammatory thinning and cone shaped protrusion of the cornea, leading to visual distortion.

Question 2

Differential diagnosis

Answer 2

• corneal ectasia

• irregular corneal astigmatism

Question 3

Signs

Answer 3

• munsons sign

• frequent change in refraction / high cyls

Question 4

Symptoms

Answer 4

• blurred vision

• thin tip of cornea - sensitive

• photophobic

• ghosting

Question 5

Pathogenesis

Answer 5

• exact cause unknown

• more prevalent in eye rubbing, connective tissue disorders, RP, Down’s syndrome.

• more common in non-Caucasian

• late teens / early twenties

• corneal thinning, breaks in bowman’s layer

• cornea becomes progressively thinner and bulges forwards into cone shape

Question 6

Management

Answer 6

• soft CLs in early stages, progressing to RGPS

• corneal cross linking surgery

• corneal transplant in severe cases