Knee Flashcards
(23 cards)
MCL attachments
deep- thickens joint capsule, attaches to medial menses
superficial- band that runs from bellow adductor tubercle inderioanterior deep to pes anserine tendons
LCL attachments
doesn’t attach to joint capsule
runs from femoral epicondyle to head of fib
ACL attachments/ what does it protect against
anterior medial intercondyler eminence of tibia traveling posterior to lateral femoral condyle
stabilizes against- Anterior translation of tin., hyperextension
PCL attachments
posterior aspect of tibia traveling superiorly and anterior to medial condyle
restrains posterior displacement
Menisci characteristics and functions
characteristics: wedge shaped, thicker on outside than in
: only vascularized on outside\
Function: deepens articulation, increased lunercation, joint stability
MCL MOI, Test
MOi- blow to lateral aspect of knee(valgus)
-associated w joint capsule/ meniscus injury
Test- Stress test at 0 and 25 degrees feeling for gapping/ pain
LCL MOI, Test
MOI- Varus Stress
Test- Varus stress test- springy end feel
ACL MOI, SS, Test
MOI- hyperextension/ rotation of knee
SS- hearing POP, immediate loss of function, swelling
Test- Lachmans, Anterior drawer test
PCL MOI, SS, Test
MOI-hyperextention/blow to anterior tibia
SS- not many at time of injury
Test- Posterior drawer test
Menisci Tears MOI, SS, Test
MOI- rotation and flexion of knee impinging menisci
SS- locking, clicking, pain along joint, knee gives out
Test- Thessaly test
4 types of menisci tears
longitudinal- twisting motion w foot fixed/ knee flexed
Bucket handle- like longitudinal but medial segment displaced toward centre
Horizontal- degeneration, sheers from rotation
Parrot beak- 2 tears
IT band friction Syndrome MOI, TEST
MOI- can come from varus knees, over pronation w walking, lateral IT band rubs on lateral femoral epi.
Test- flex and extend knee and put pressure on IT band
Knee Osteoarthritis MOI,SS
MOI- Progressive degeneration of cartilage
SS- causes joint stiffness, decreased ROM, strength, function
women more sussptible/ post ACL patients
Patella Femoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) MOI, SS
MOI- can be due to pronation in foot, weakness in hip, value knees, tight IT, VMO atrophy
SS- gradual onset, pain w/ descending stairs, sitting, can hear/feel pops clicks due to IT getting caught
Petella dislocation/ Sublux MOI,
laxity in retinaculum
most often when knee at 30 degrees of flex and lateral blow
Patellar Tendinopathy MOI, SS
MOI- repetitive movements of misaligned quads
SS- severe pain w palpation of tendon + resisted knee extension
Things that affect Patella tracking
Tight IT and lateral retinaculum
lax medial patellar retinaculum
weak quads
patella shape/position
Chondromalacia MOI, SS, Test
MOI- Due to abnormal excursion and compressive force
- degeneration in articular cartilage
SS- Localized pain, tenderness
Tests- Compression test, clarcks tests weldron test
Reasons for anterior knee pain (prox and distal segment)
prox-back- excessive lordosis/kuphosis, lateral pelvic tilt
-hip- tight hip flexor, ham, adductor, imballance
dist. -tibia- excessive tibial torsion
- foot- tight chillies, weak inverter,/everter
Patella Plica syndrome SS, Test
SS- gradual onset of pain, pain w prolonged sitting, pain w first 10 steps
Tests- Medial synovial plica+stutter test
Osgood Shlatter MOI SS
MOI- Inflammation or partial evulsion of tibial apophysis
SS- tibial tubercle as source of pain, tubercle is enlarged
Sinding-larsen-johnson disease MOI, SS
MOI- inflammation of partial avulsion of apex of patella
SS- gradual onset, pain w palpation of inferior patellar w leg extended
Patella tendon Autograft or Hamstring tendon Autograft
HT- better, favoured w high level sports, better if sports have u on knees, less anterior knee pain, osteoarthritis, pain w kneeling, pain post surgery.
only slight decrease in hamstring strength
