L4: Pneumonia - Pt 3

Question 1

Labs in Pneumonia

Answer 1

Question 2

Labs in Pneumonia

• Detection of The Microorganism

Answer 2

Question 3

Sputum Sample in Pneumonia

Answer 3

Question 3

Detection of the microorganism in Pneumonia

• After clinical & radiological diagnosis of pneumonia the following samples must be taken

Answer 3

Question 4

Sputum Sample in Pneumonia

• When??

Answer 4

If there is productive cough

Question 5

Sputum Sample in Pneumonia

• For??

Answer 5

Culture and Gram stain

Question 6

Blood Sample in Pneumonia

Answer 6

Question 7

Sputum Sample in Pneumonia

• Drawbacks

Answer 7

Contamination is inevitable with the oropharyngeal commensals.

Question 8

Sputum Sample in Pneumonia

• Quality Criteria

Answer 8

• Not a salivary specimen
• The number of neutrophil > 25 cell
• The buccal epithelial cells are < 10 cell/low power field (x100).

Question 9

Blood Sample in Pneumonia

• For??

Answer 9

• Blood culture
  (actual infective organism(s) with no contamination).

Question 10

Blood Sample in Pneumonia

• Results

Answer 10

+ve in 10 - 30% of cases only.

Question 11

Pleural Aspirate in Pneumonia

Answer 11

Question 12

Pleural Aspirate in Pneumonia

• when??

Answer 12

If there pleural effusion

Question 13

Pleural Aspirate in Pneumonia

• For??

Answer 13

Culture & Gram stain (no contamination)

Question 14

Pleural Aspirate in Pneumonia

• Results

Answer 14

If +ve it indicate presence of empyema.

Question 15

Detection of Microorganism in Pneumonia

• Absence of organism by culture or Gram stain in sputum samples may suggest infection by ……..

Answer 15

Question 16

Detection of Microorganism in Pneumonia

• Special stains

Answer 16

Question 17

Special Stains in Pneumonia

• ZN Stain

Answer 17

For TB bacilli

Question 18

Special Stains in Pneumonia

• Fungal Wet Mount Smears

Answer 18

For fungal infections (need fluorescent agent or phase-contrast microscopy)

Question 19

Special Stains in Pneumonia

• Wright Stain

Answer 19

To detect aspergillus infection

Question 20

Special Stains in Pneumonia

• giesa & Quik Stain

Answer 20

For pneumocystis carinii.

Question 21

Detection of Microorganism in Pneumonia

• Immunostains

Answer 21

Question 22

Immunostains in Pneumonia

• detection of Pneumococcal Antigen

Answer 22

• By Latex agglutination test
• Counter Immune-Electrophoresis (CIE)
• ELISA.

Question 23

Immunostains in Pneumonia

• Direct Immunoflouresent Antibody Test

Answer 23

• For Legionella
• Pneumocystis carinii
• Chlamydia.

Question 24

Detection of Microorganism in **Pneumonia** - Nasal or nasopharyngeal washings or swabs

Answer 24

For rapid viral diagnosis by use of DFA (direct florescent antibody) stain.

Question 25

Detection of Microorganism in **Pneumonia** - Delayed Resolution - No resultion - Immunocomprimised

Answer 25

Question 26

Detection of Microorganism in **Pneumonia** - serology

Answer 26

Question 27

Serology in **Pneumonia** - ELISA LAT, CFT

Answer 27

For fungus, viral infection.

Question 28

Serology in **Pneumonia** - Detection of cold agglutinin

Answer 28

mycoplasma

Question 29

Serology in **Pneumonia** - Detection of indirect immune-florescent antibody

Answer 29

legionella

Question 30

Labs in **Pneumonia** - Blood Examination

Question 31

Blood Examination in **Pneumonia** - CBC

Answer 31

Question 32

Blood Examination in **Pneumonia** - Urea & serum Creatinine

Answer 32

Question 33

Blood Examination in **Pneumonia** - LFTs

Answer 33

Question 34

Blood Examination in **Pneumonia** - Serum Electrolytes

Answer 34

Question 35

Labs in Pneumonia - **ABG**

Answer 35

Question 36

Criteria of Severe Pneumonia

Answer 36

Question 37

Criteria of Severe Pneumonia - Minor Criteria

Answer 37

Question 38

Criteria of Severe Pneumonia - Major Criteria

Answer 38

Question 39

**CURB 65** Score in Pneumonia

Answer 39

Question 40

**CURB 65** Score in Pneumonia - Grades

Answer 40

Question 41

Complications of **Pneumonia**

Answer 41

Question 42

Complications of **Pneumonia** - Local

Answer 42

Question 43

Local Complications of **Pneumonia** - Incomplete resolution and followed by bronchietasis

Answer 43

Question 44

Local Complications of **Pneumonia** - ARDS & RF

Answer 44

Question 45

Complications of **Pneumonia** - Systemic

Answer 45