L4: STDs Flashcards

(50 cards)

1
Q

Def of STDs

A

Diseases transmitted by sexual contact

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2
Q

Classification of STDs

A
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3
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Viral
A
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4
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Bacterial
A
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5
Q

Classification of STDs

  • fungal
A
  • Candida Albicans.
  • Torulopsis glabrata.
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6
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Protozoal
A
  • Trichomonas vaginalis.
  • Entameba histolytica vaginitis.
  • Giardia lamblia vaginitis
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7
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Parasitic
A
  • Tenia pubis.
  • Sarcoptes scabiei.
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8
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Chlamydial
A

C. trachomatis

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9
Q

Classification of STDs

  • Mycoplasma
A
  • Mycoplasma hominis.
  • Urea-plasma urealyticum.
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10
Q

Incidence of HPV

A

It is the most common viral STD

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11
Q

Causative Organism of HPV

A

caused by DNA Popova virus.

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12
Q

Sites affected by HPV

A

affects the vuvla, vagina, cervix, perineum and anus as condyloma accuminata (genital warts).

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13
Q

Types & Pathologies of HPV

A
  • Types 16 &18 cause flat warts with the risk of CIN.
  • Types 6 &11 cause exophytic warts with no malignant potential.
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14
Q

CP of HPV

A
  • The characteristic lesion is genital wart which may be single or multiple.
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15
Q

Dx of HPV

A
  • Direct demonstration of virus: by electron microscopy
  • Detection of viral Ag
  • PCR
  • Viral isolation: on tissue culture.
  • Pap smear: Koilocytosis may present [some cells with atypia or dysplasia]. ⭐️
  • Colposcopy: mandatory for all cases to exclude atypical cells. ⭐️
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16
Q

TTT of HPV

A
  • Small lesion: Topical podophyllin, trichloroacetic acid or 5-fluorouracil.
  • Large lesion: Cryotherapy, electrocautery or laser therapy
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17
Q

Causative Organism of HSV

A

DNA herpes simplex virus type II.

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18
Q

CP of HSV

A
  • Multiple vesicles which may coalesce together to form superficial painful ulcers.
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19
Q

INVx in HSV

A
  • Direct demonstration of virus: after staining by Giemsa stain (presence of multinucleated giant cells is suggestive). ⭐️
  • Viral isolation: On tissue culture.
  • Serology: for detection of viral Abs in patient’s serum.
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20
Q

TTT of HSV

A
  • Antiviral drugs: Acyclovir, Iodoxuridine & Vidarabine.
  • Symptomatic treatment: Analgesics.
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21
Q

Causative Organism of AIDS

A
  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
  • RNA retrovirus
  • Attacks T4 lymphocytes → cell death OR T4 dysfunction with altered body immunity.
22
Q

CP of AIDS

A
  • The patient may be a carrier for many years.
  • Aids related complex: Lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis, pneumonias, recurrent viral infections like HSV or cytomegalovirus, T.B., toxoplasmosis.
  • Persistent lymphadenopathy, fungal, bacterial and viral infections.
23
Q

INVx of AIDS

A
  • Direct demonstration of virus: by PCR.
  • Viral isolation: by lymphocyte culture.⭐️
  • Serology: Detection of viral Abs in patient’s serum by ELIZA or Western blotting. ⭐️
24
Q

TTT of AIDS

A

Mainly prophylactic to avoid acquiring infection.

25
Causative Organism of **Gonorrhea**
Neisseria gonorrhea (gram –ve intracellular diplococci)
26
CP of **Gonorrhea**
- It affects areas lined by **thin epithelium (columnar OR transitional) not stratified epithelium.** - It may cause **urethritis, Bartholinitis, cervicitis, salpingitis (PID) or arthritis (via blood spread).** - **Burning urination, frequency, dysuria with urethritis.** - **Discharge with Bartholinitis or cervicitis** OR **even picture of PID.**
27
INVx of **Gonorrhea**
- **Direct demonstration of organism:** by Gram stain. - **Culture and sensitivity:** On Thayer martin or chocolate agar. ⭐️ - **Serology:** Detection of Abs in patient's serum.
28
TTT of **Gonorrhea**
Penicillin or cephalosporins.
29
Causative Organism of **Syphilis**
- Treponema pallidum
30
Pathology of **Syphilis**
31
INVx for **Syphilis**
32
TTT of **Syphilis**
Benzathine penicillin-G is the drug of choice.
33
CO of **Chancroid**
Hemophylus ducreyi
34
CP of Chancroid
Painful vulval ulcer + lymphadenopathy.
35
INVx for **Chancroid**
- **Direct demonstration of organism:** by Gram stain. - **Culture:** on Chocolate agar.
36
TTT of **Chancroid**
Erythromycin
37
CO of **Granuloma inguinale**
Campylobacter granulomatis.
38
CP of **Granuloma inguinale**
- Painless vulval nodule that progresses to ulcer + No lymphadenopathy.
39
INVx for **Granuloma inguinale**
**Direct demonstration of organism:** - by Gram or Wright stain (presence of Donovan bodies inside macrophages are essential for diagnosis).
40
TTT of **Granuloma inguinale**
Tetracycline
41
CO of **lymphogranuloma venereum**
chlamydia trachomatis, **the commonest STD in sexually active women.**
42
Characters of **chlamydia trachomatis**
It is obligate intracellular organism between viruses & bacteria.
43
Sybtypes of **chlamydia trachomatis**
- It is of **15 serotypes.** - **Serotypes L1, L2, L3** cause lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) - **Serotypes D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K** cause genital infections other than LGV as urethritis, Bartholinitis, cervicitis, endometritis & salpingitis (PID).
44
Phases of **lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
45
Phases of **lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)** - 1ry
shallow painless ulcer on labia.
46
Phases of **lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)** - 2ry
47
Phases of **lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)** - 3ry
- rupture of buboes, formation of multiple sinuses & fistulas discharging pus.
48
CP of **Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
Clinical manifestations according to the phases mentioned before.
49
INVx for **Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
**Direct demonstration of organism:** by detection of chlamydial Ag by monoclonal Abs via ELISA (the test of choice). **Culture:** tissue culture.
50
TTT of **Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
Doxycycline