L4: STDs Flashcards
(50 cards)
1
Q
Def of STDs
A
Diseases transmitted by sexual contact
2
Q
Classification of STDs
A
3
Q
Classification of STDs
- Viral
A
4
Q
Classification of STDs
- Bacterial
A
5
Q
Classification of STDs
- fungal
A
- Candida Albicans.
- Torulopsis glabrata.
6
Q
Classification of STDs
- Protozoal
A
- Trichomonas vaginalis.
- Entameba histolytica vaginitis.
- Giardia lamblia vaginitis
7
Q
Classification of STDs
- Parasitic
A
- Tenia pubis.
- Sarcoptes scabiei.
8
Q
Classification of STDs
- Chlamydial
A
C. trachomatis
9
Q
Classification of STDs
- Mycoplasma
A
- Mycoplasma hominis.
- Urea-plasma urealyticum.
10
Q
Incidence of HPV
A
It is the most common viral STD
11
Q
Causative Organism of HPV
A
caused by DNA Popova virus.
12
Q
Sites affected by HPV
A
affects the vuvla, vagina, cervix, perineum and anus as condyloma accuminata (genital warts).
13
Q
Types & Pathologies of HPV
A
- Types 16 &18 cause flat warts with the risk of CIN.
- Types 6 &11 cause exophytic warts with no malignant potential.
14
Q
CP of HPV
A
- The characteristic lesion is genital wart which may be single or multiple.
15
Q
Dx of HPV
A
- Direct demonstration of virus: by electron microscopy
- Detection of viral Ag
- PCR
- Viral isolation: on tissue culture.
- Pap smear: Koilocytosis may present [some cells with atypia or dysplasia]. ⭐️
- Colposcopy: mandatory for all cases to exclude atypical cells. ⭐️
16
Q
TTT of HPV
A
- Small lesion: Topical podophyllin, trichloroacetic acid or 5-fluorouracil.
- Large lesion: Cryotherapy, electrocautery or laser therapy
17
Q
Causative Organism of HSV
A
DNA herpes simplex virus type II.
18
Q
CP of HSV
A
- Multiple vesicles which may coalesce together to form superficial painful ulcers.
19
Q
INVx in HSV
A
- Direct demonstration of virus: after staining by Giemsa stain (presence of multinucleated giant cells is suggestive). ⭐️
- Viral isolation: On tissue culture.
- Serology: for detection of viral Abs in patient’s serum.
20
Q
TTT of HSV
A
- Antiviral drugs: Acyclovir, Iodoxuridine & Vidarabine.
- Symptomatic treatment: Analgesics.
21
Q
Causative Organism of AIDS
A
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- RNA retrovirus
- Attacks T4 lymphocytes → cell death OR T4 dysfunction with altered body immunity.
22
Q
CP of AIDS
A
- The patient may be a carrier for many years.
- Aids related complex: Lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis, pneumonias, recurrent viral infections like HSV or cytomegalovirus, T.B., toxoplasmosis.
- Persistent lymphadenopathy, fungal, bacterial and viral infections.
23
Q
INVx of AIDS
A
- Direct demonstration of virus: by PCR.
- Viral isolation: by lymphocyte culture.⭐️
- Serology: Detection of viral Abs in patient’s serum by ELIZA or Western blotting. ⭐️
24
Q
TTT of AIDS
A
Mainly prophylactic to avoid acquiring infection.
25
Causative Organism of **Gonorrhea**
Neisseria gonorrhea (gram –ve intracellular diplococci)
26
CP of **Gonorrhea**
- It affects areas lined by **thin epithelium (columnar OR transitional) not stratified epithelium.**
- It may cause **urethritis, Bartholinitis, cervicitis, salpingitis (PID) or arthritis (via blood spread).**
- **Burning urination, frequency, dysuria with urethritis.**
- **Discharge with Bartholinitis or cervicitis** OR **even picture of PID.**
27
INVx of **Gonorrhea**
- **Direct demonstration of organism:** by Gram stain.
- **Culture and sensitivity:** On Thayer martin or chocolate agar. ⭐️
- **Serology:** Detection of Abs in patient's serum.
28
TTT of **Gonorrhea**
Penicillin or cephalosporins.
29
Causative Organism of **Syphilis**
- Treponema pallidum
30
Pathology of **Syphilis**
31
INVx for **Syphilis**
32
TTT of **Syphilis**
Benzathine penicillin-G is the drug of choice.
33
CO of **Chancroid**
Hemophylus ducreyi
34
CP of Chancroid
Painful vulval ulcer + lymphadenopathy.
35
INVx for **Chancroid**
- **Direct demonstration of organism:** by Gram stain.
- **Culture:** on Chocolate agar.
36
TTT of **Chancroid**
Erythromycin
37
CO of **Granuloma inguinale**
Campylobacter granulomatis.
38
CP of **Granuloma inguinale**
- Painless vulval nodule that progresses to ulcer + No lymphadenopathy.
39
INVx for **Granuloma inguinale**
**Direct demonstration of organism:**
- by Gram or Wright stain (presence of Donovan bodies inside macrophages are essential for diagnosis).
40
TTT of **Granuloma inguinale**
Tetracycline
41
CO of **lymphogranuloma venereum**
chlamydia trachomatis, **the commonest STD in sexually active women.**
42
Characters of **chlamydia trachomatis**
It is obligate intracellular organism between viruses & bacteria.
43
Sybtypes of **chlamydia trachomatis**
- It is of **15 serotypes.**
- **Serotypes L1, L2, L3** cause lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
- **Serotypes D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K** cause genital infections other than LGV as urethritis, Bartholinitis, cervicitis, endometritis & salpingitis (PID).
44
Phases of **lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
45
Phases of **lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
- 1ry
shallow painless ulcer on labia.
46
Phases of **lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
- 2ry
47
Phases of **lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
- 3ry
- rupture of buboes, formation of multiple sinuses & fistulas discharging pus.
48
CP of **Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
Clinical manifestations according to the phases mentioned before.
49
INVx for **Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
**Direct demonstration of organism:** by detection of chlamydial Ag by monoclonal Abs via ELISA (the test of choice).
**Culture:** tissue culture.
50
TTT of **Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)**
Doxycycline
