L5: Dermal Tissue System

Question 1

3 stages of cell growth

Answer 1

Cell division
Cell expansion
Cell differentiation

Question 2

epidermis

Answer 2

covers the surface of all plant organs (produced by primary growth)

Question 3

Diverse epidermal cell types

Answer 3

pavement cells
guard cells
trichomes
root hairs

Question 4

Dermal tissue system

Answer 4

Outermost layer of cells that controls what goes in and what goes out and protects it from the environment

Question 5

What is the dermal tissue system often covered by?

Answer 5

covered by a waxy, hydrophobic cuticle

Question 6

Function of the plant cuticle

Answer 6

minimize water loss and prevent organ fusion
surface self-cleaning

Question 7

What is the plant cuticle lotus effect?

Answer 7

Hydrophobic cuticle allows water droplets to bead on the plant’s surface and assists in removing debris (self cleaning)

Question 8

Hypothesized function of the plant cuticle’s cuticular folds and ridges

Answer 8

prevent extended contact between different surfaces
create iridescence that attracts pollinators
help bugs attach, walk, and even guide towards desired features of the plant

Question 9

periderm is the _________ epidermis

Answer 9

secondary

Question 10

pavement epidermal cells

Answer 10

general protection and support
typically no chloroplasts (no photosynthesis)

Question 11

guard cells

Answer 11

2 guard cells together that form pores in the plant’s epidermis that can open and close by turgor pressure

Question 12

Guard cells function

Answer 12

control gas exchange

Question 13

Where are guard cells most abundant

Answer 13

the bottom of a leaf

Question 14

What are guard cells often flanked by to help regulate turgor

Answer 14

subsidiary cells

Question 15

turgid (guard cells)

Answer 15

open

Question 16

flaccid (guard cells)

Answer 16

closed

Question 17

specialized features of the guard cell

Answer 17

thickened inner wall lining the pore/aperture
cellulose microfibrils are radially oriented

Question 18

Trichome

Answer 18

a unicellular or multicellular outgrowth of the epidermis on stems, leaves, or flowers

Question 19

Trichome functions

Answer 19

protection
limit water loss
protect from high sunlight by reflecting it
exude chemicals for defense or attraction

Question 20

non-glandular/non-secretory trichomes

Answer 20

often hair-like or spike-like trichomes that provide physical protection

Question 21

glandular/secretory trichomes

Answer 21

bulbous trichomes that produce secretions/oils that provide chemical protection

Question 22

2 root epidermal cell types

Answer 22

Hair cells (trichoblasts)
Non-hair cells (atrichoblasts)

Question 23

Hair cells (trichoblasts) function

Answer 23

absorb water and nutrients

Question 24

Non-hair cells (atrichoblasts) function

Answer 24

provide support and ensure space between hairs

Question 25

types of primary meristems

Answer 25

protoderm
ground meristem
procambium

Question 26

type of apical meristems

Answer 26

shoot and root

Question 27

secondary (lateral) meristems

Answer 27

vascular cambium
cork cambium

Question 28

periderm

Answer 28

the secondary epidermis that is derived from the secondary meristem called cork cambium

Question 29

periderm function

Answer 29

protection and control of water loss