L9: Secondary Growth Intro

Question 1

Types of secondary (lateral) meristems

Answer 1

vascular cambium
cork cambium

Question 2

what secondary tissue does vascular cambium produce

Answer 2

secondary xylem and phloem

Question 3

what secondary tissue does cork cambium (phellogen) produce

Answer 3

periderm

Question 4

primary tissues

Answer 4

formed by primary growth to increase length in herbaceous plants
cells are supplied by primary meristems

Question 5

secondary tissue

Answer 5

formed by secondary growth to increase organ width in woody plants
cells are supplied by the secondary meristem

Question 6

in what direction do initials produce cells in the lateral meristems

Answer 6

to the side in both directions

Question 7

origin of cork cambium

Answer 7

de-differentiation of parenchyma or collenchyma in the outermost layer of the cortex in the stem

Question 8

origin of the vascular cambium

Answer 8

from the procambium within each bundle and/or the parenchyma cells between vascular bundles

Question 9

cork

Answer 9

specialized boundary tissue with air-filled cells that have suberized cell walls and are dead at maturity

Question 10

phelloderm

Answer 10

living parenchyma

Question 11

suberin

Answer 11

a waxy material located within the cell walls of cork cells that forms a protective barrier that is impermeable to water

Question 12

lenticels

Answer 12

interruptions/intrusions in the cork layers that allow for gas exchange and transpiration to occur

Question 13

vascular cambium

Answer 13

makes all secondary vascular tissues
generates secondary xylem to inside and phloem to the outside

Question 14

how thick is the vascular cambium

Answer 14

1-3 cells thick

Question 15

2 types of initials in the vascular cambium

Answer 15

fusiform initials and ray initials

Question 16

fusiform initials

Answer 16

generates tracheary elements toward inside and sieve elements to the outside

Question 17

ray initials

Answer 17

generate xylem rays toward the inside and phloem rays to the outside

Question 18

is secondary phloem produced more than secondary xylem

Answer 18

no