L9. Cartilage

Question 1

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

Answer 1

1. hyaline cartilage
2. fibrocartilage
3. elastic cartilage

Question 2

What is the function of hyaline cartilage

Answer 2

1. low friction coefficient
2. growth (ephiphyseal) plate
3. support for soft tissue

Question 3

Describe the function of chrondrocytes in hyaline cartilage, what colour stain in HE

Answer 3

1. secrete ECM : territorial matrix
2. ECM is high in proteoglycan ( stains blue)
3. cells trapped in lacunae

Question 4

what is basophillic

Answer 4

binds to basic dyes and stains blue in HE

Question 5

why do proteoglycans stain blue in HE

Answer 5

is -vely charged , proteoglycan itself is acidic so stains basic stains

Question 6

What are the characteristics of hyaline cartilage

Answer 6

1. most abundant cartilage type
2. forms the growth plate
3. needed for endochondral bone formation
4. transluscent
5. has perichondrium, not very regenerative

Question 7

what is the composition of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 7

NOT MINERALIZED AT ALL
70% water
20% collagen:collagen 2 (intermediate thickness and strength)
10% proteoglycan: hydrated,resist compression, low friction coeff, tensile strength

Question 8

what is osteoarthritis

Answer 8

1. defects in hyaline cartilage
2. wear and tear
3. little regenerative property
4. cartilage replaced by bone

Question 9

How does fibrocartilagenous repair occur intitally

Answer 9

1. mesenchymal stem cells migrate to wounded area
2. stem cells generate fibro chondrocytes
3. collagen 1 is produced higher friction coeff , avascularity+compression -> collagen 1 degenerates
4. osteoarthritis; cartilage replaced by bone

Question 10

How is fibrocartilage different from hyaline and elastic cartilage

Answer 10

1. has type 1 collagen

2. no distinct perichondrium

Question 11

What are the features of fibrocartilage

Answer 11

1. high tensile strength- thick bundles of type 1 collagen in matrix
2. looks like dense regular CT except with chondrocytes and fibroblast in lacunae
3. resistance to compression- chondrocytic components
4. little or no ability to re-generate

Question 12

Where can fibrocartilage be found

Answer 12

intervertebrae disk

sites of bone attachment

Question 13

Draw the invertebrae disk, label structures

Answer 13

draw annulus fibrous and nuclues pulposus

Question 14

what composes the nucleus pulposas

Answer 14

hyaline cartilage
low cells, low fibers
(act as highly compressible cushion)

Question 15

what happens when the annulus fibrosis is disrupted

Answer 15

hernatia of the nucleus pulposus -leaks out

Question 16

What is elastic cartilage

Answer 16

1. elastic fibers
2. greater flexibility
3. well defined pericardium with elastic fibers

Question 17

Compare elastic cartilage to Hyaline cartilage

Answer 17

1. more chondrocytes and larger also

2. EC has less matrix than HC

Question 18

Where can we find Elastic cartilage

Answer 18

ears, epiglottis