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BIOL 1191 > lab 17 > Flashcards

lab 17 Flashcards

(90 cards)

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1
Q

similariteis between M and F genitals

A

body produce mature gametes
both store, nourish, and transport gametes
both produce hormones essential to development

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2
Q

male genital system

A

testes
accessory glands
scrotum
penis

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3
Q

ducts of testes

A

epididymis
ductus deferens
ejactulatory duct

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4
Q

accessory sex glands male

A

seminal glands, prostate, bulbourethral glands

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5
Q

seminiferous tubules produce:

A

sperm and inhibin

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6
Q

interstitial endocrine cells produce

A

testosterone

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7
Q

secondary male sex characteristics

A

lowered voice
body hair
broadening of shoulders/chest
adams apple

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8
Q

primary sex characteristics

A

involved directly in reproduction

eg testes or ovaries

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9
Q

secondary sex characteristicsq

A

come with puberty

eg lowered voice in male or widening of hips in female

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10
Q

epididymis is the site of

A

sperm storage and maturation

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11
Q

peristalsis moves sperm from epidid to ___

A

ductus deferens

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12
Q

seminal glands

A

contribute a bunch of substances to semen, whihc they release into ejac ducts

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13
Q

3 things produced by the seminal glands

A

alkaline fluid
fructose
prostaglandins

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14
Q

alkaline fluid from the seminal glands function

A

neutralizes acidic environment of genital tract

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15
Q

fructose from seminal gland functin

A

used in ATP production for sperm

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16
Q

prostaglandins from seminal glands function

A

aid in sperm motility and viability

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17
Q

prostate gland

A

donut shaped gland that surrounds superior portion of urethra

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18
Q

prostate gland function

A

secretes substances into urethra that aid in sperm motility and viability

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19
Q

2 substances secreted by prostate gland

A

citric acid
proteolytic enzymes

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20
Q

citric acid from prostate function

A

ATP production of sperm

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21
Q

proteolytic enzymes from prostate function

A

breakdown of clotting proteins

eg. lysozyme

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22
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

inferior to prostate, empty in urethra

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23
Q

bulbourethral glands secrete (2)

A

alkaline fluid
mucus

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24
Q

alkaline fluid from bulbourethral glands function

A

protects sperm from acidic environmentm

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25
mucus from BU glands function
lubricate end of penis, decreasing sperm damage
26
scrotum
supporting structure of tests, regulates temp contains cremaster muscle
27
cremaster muscle
in teh scrotum, regulated by temp
28
epididymis
sperm maturatio and propels sperm into ductus deferens
29
urethra sections in males
prostatic - changes after prostate membranous - goes to corpus spongeosum spongy - to end
30
penis parts
corpus spongiosum penis corpora cavernosa penis external urethral orifice glans penis prepuce
31
corpus spongiosum
contains spongy urethra, keeps urethra opne during ejac
32
corpora cavernosa
2 dorsilateral masses that fill with blood during arousal
33
glans penis
protects urethra, large role in plessure
34
prepuce
protection and lubrication foreskin
35
female genital system parts (6)
ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia (vulva), mammary glands
36
primordial follicle slide
small af, harder to see know it by knowing that primary follicle looks symetricel and all
37
primary follicel
second one in the diagram generally symetrical
38
secondary follicel
4th in diagram has large space on one side of egg
39
after puberty, ovaries porduce
secondary oocytes
40
hormones porduced by ovaries
estrogen, progesterone, inhibin, relaxin
41
infundibulum
distal end of fallopian tubes
42
fimbriae
fingerlike projections near ovary of uterian tubes
43
mucosal lining of uterus epi in tube/uterus
simple ciliated columnar epi in tube - fuunctiosn to move oocyte along tube non ciliated simple columnar - functiosn to nourish ovum
44
what holds uterus in place
broad and round ligaments
45
layers of the uterus
perimetrium myometrium endometrium superficial to deep
46
perimetrium forms
forms broad ligament
47
myometrium
circular, long, and oblique muscel layers
48
endometrium+ its layers
divided into 2 layers: stratum functionalis and stratum basalis functional layer - line cavtiy adn is shed monthly basal layer - replaces functional layer monthly
49
vagina muscular layer
longitudinal and circular
50
vagina epithelium
mucosal layer is non K strat sq
51
vulva parts
mons pubis labia majora and minora clitoris vestibule
52
mammary glands
modified sudoriferous glands synthesize secrete and eject milk
53
mons pubis
elevation of adipose tissue that cushions the pubic bone part of vulva
54
labia majora and minora
majora - hair, outer fold of skin minor - no hair, inner fold
55
clitoris
location of anterior meeting point of labia minora
56
tetrad
when two homologous chromosomes made of two sister chromatids pair up to undergo recombination
57
prophase 1
tetrad froms recombination occurs
58
metaphase 1
tetrads line up at metaphase plate
59
anaphase 1
tetrads separate, with one of each homologous pair moving to either side, increasing chance of genetic diversity
60
telophase 1
2 cells are formed
61
prophase 2
chromosomes condense, do not copy again
62
end result of meiosis
4 haploid cells non identical
63
spermatogenesis
formation of haploid sperm by meiosis
64
spermatogonia
immature sperm cells in the seminiferous tubules stem cells
65
spermatogonia are
diploid cells, precursor cells for all sperm a man will produce
66
primary spermatocytes
formed when a spermatogonia undergoes mitosis diploid cell results
67
spermatids
when secondary spermocytes undergo meiosis 2 haploid cells spermatids will develop heads and tails in a porcess called spermiogenesis and become sperm
68
spermiogenesis
when spermatids develop into sperm
69
oogenesis
formation of haploid ovum by meiosis
70
oogonium
precursor cells for oogenesis
71
primary oocytes
formed in fetal development formed when oogonium undergo mitosis
72
oocytes in fetal development will begin
will begin meiosis 1, but process is stopped until puberty
73
primary oocytes are (2n/n)
2n
74
primary oocytes complete meiosis 1 to form
polar body and a secondary oocyte
75
when does a secondary oocyte complete meiosis 2
at the time of fertilization
76
products of oocyte meiosis 2
second polar body and ovum
77
what happens when nuclei of sperm and ovum unite
they form a zygote (2n)
78
autosomes
chromosomes that carries non sex determining material
79
female chromosomes
XX
80
male chromosomes
XY
81
karyotype
analysis of an individuals chromosomes
82
structural abnormalities in karyotypes
where the number of chromosomes remains unchanged
83
numerical abnormalities in karyotypes
number of chromosomes is off
84
trisomy
3 chromosomes
85
monosomy
1 chromosome
86
trisomy 21
down syndrome
87
synapsis
when a tetrad forms
88
homologous vs sister chromatids
homo - non identicle sister - identical
89
in an exam if there was 3 chromosomes in C23 (XXY) what would you write down
extra sex chromosome we dont know whihc one, because it could be x or y that is extra
90
in exam, if 3 chromos on C18 what would you say
trisomy 18

BIOL 1191 (30 decks)

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