Lab 7: Tissues & Quiz Prep Flashcards
1
Q
4 tissue types
A
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscular
- Nervous
2
Q
A
Adipocyte
(Adipose Connective Tissue)
3
Q
A
Basal body
(Pseudostratified columnar epithelial)
4
Q
Basal cellular components
A
- Cell membrane (or plasma membrane)
- Surrounds the cell and separates it from its surroundings
- Nucleus
- Contains the genetic material (DNA)
- Cytoplasm
- Includes everything inside the cell except for the nucleus
- Goblet cell
- Specialized type of columnar epithelial that makes mucus
5
Q
A
Basement membrane
(Simple columnar epithelial - ciliated)
6
Q
A
Basement membrane
(Simple columnar epithelial - nonciliated)
7
Q
A
Basement membrane
(Stratified columnar epithelium)
8
Q
A
9
Q
A
Capillary
(Adipose Connective Tissue)
10
Q
A
Capillary
(Areolar connective tissue)
11
Q
A
Capillary
(Transitional epithelium)
12
Q
A
Cement line of osteon
(Compact bone)
13
Q
A
Central canal of osteon
(Compact bone)
14
Q
A
Chondroblast in lacuna
(Elastic cartilage)
15
Q
A
Chondrocyte in lacuna
(Hyaline cartilage)
16
Q
A
Cilia
(Pseudostratified columnar epithelial)
17
Q
A
Cilia on simple columnar epithelia
(Simple columnar epithelial - ciliated)
18
Q
A
Collagen fiber
(Fibrocartilage)
19
Q
A
Collagen fiber
(Areolar connective tissue)
20
Q
A
Collagen fiber
(Dense irregular connective tissue)
21
Q
A
Collagen fiber
(Dense regular connective tissue)
22
Q
A
Columnar epithelial
(Pseudostratified columnar epithelial)
23
Q
A
Columnar epithelial
(Simple columnar epithelial - ciliated)
24
Q
A
Columnar epithelial
(Simple columnar epithelial - nonciliated)
25
Columnar epithelial
| (Stratified columnar epithelium)
26
Connective tissue
* Wide variety of forms in the body including blood, bone, cartilage, and lymph
* Found throughout the body
* Common theme in that they contain cells that are within a matrix
* In most cases the matrix is produced by the cells in the tissue
* Functions
* “Connecting” structures together (ie. ligaments and tendons)
* Transport (blood and lymph), body structure (bone, cartilage), and fat storage (adipose)
27
Connective Tissue Cells
* Different types of cells, depending on their location and function
* Common cells
* Those of the immune system (macrophages)
* Fibroblasts are a part of many connective tissues and are fairly unspecialized cells.
* Highly specialized
* Specific cells such as osteocytes (in bone), chondrocytes (in cartilage), adipocytes (in adipose), and reticulocytes (in reticular connective tissue)
28
Cuboidal epithelial cell
## Footnote
*(Simple squamous epithelial)*
29
Cuboidal epithelial
| (Simple cuboidal epithelial)
30
Cuboidal epithelial
| (Stratified cuboidal epithelium)
31
Dermis
32
Dermis
(Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized)
33
Dermis components
* Composed of connective tissue and accessory structures of the skin such as the hair and nail follicles, glands, vessels, and receptors
34
Dome-shaped luminal cells
| (Transitional epithelium)
35
Elastic fiber
| (Areolar connective tissue)
36
Elastic lamellae
| (Elastic connective tissue)
37
Embryonic loose connective tissue
| (Simple squamous epithelial)
38
Endothelium
| (Elastic connective tissue)
39
Epidermis
(Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized)
40
Epidermis
41
Epidermis description
* A stratified squamous epithelium in which the upper layer of cells is keratinized (containing many tough keratin filaments)
42
Epithelial naming convention
* Named according to how many cell layers are in the epithelium and by the shape of the cells nearest the apical layer
* One layer of cells is called simple, whereas more than one layer is stratified
* Simple
* Squamous: cells that are flat
* Cuboidal: cube-shaped
* Columnar: column-shaped
* Stratified
* For stratified epithelia, the shape is named according to the uppermost (apical) layer
* For example in the stratified squamous epithelium, the top most layer is flattened (squamous), but often the lower layers appear more cuboidal
43
Epithelial surfaces
* Apical surface: "free" or facing an opening
* Basal surface: anchored to other tissues
44
Epithelial tissue functions
* Cover the surface of organs
* Line the inside of open cavities
* Form glands that produce secretions
45
Erythrocyte
| (Blood)
46
Extracellular matrix
| (Hyaline cartilage)
47
Gland types & descriptions
* **Sebaceous glands:** Sebum on the hair shaft
* **Sudoriferous glands:** Produce sweat
* **Ceruminous glands** (skin of the ear canal): Produce a waxy substance called _cerumen_
48
Goblet cell
| (Pseudostratified columnar epithelial)
49
Goblet cell
(Simple columnar epithelial - nonciliated)
50
Ground substance
| (Fibrocartilage)
51
Ground substance
| (Areolar connective tissue)
52
Ground substance
| (Dense irregular connective tissue)
53
Ground substance
| (Dense Regular Connective Tissue)
54
Ground substance
| (Reticular connective tissue)
55
Hair follicle
56
Hair shaft
57
I band
| (Skeletal muscle)
58
59
Internal elastic lamellae
| (Elastic connective tissue)
60
Interstitial lamella
(Compact bone)
61
Lacuna in chondrocyte
| (Fibrocartilage)
62
Lacuna with chondroblast
| (Fibrocartilage)
63
Lacuna with chondrocyte
| (Hyaline cartilage)
64
Lamina propria
(Stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized)
65
Lamina propria
| (Stratified columnar epithelium)
66
Lamina propria of pseudostratified columnar epithelium
(Pseudostratified columnar epithelial)
67
Lamina propria of simple columnar epithelial cell
(Simple columnar epithelial - ciliated)
68
Lamina propria of simple columnar epithelium
(Simple columnar epithelial - nonciliated)
69
Leukocyte
| (Reticular Connective Tissue)
70
Leukocyte
| (Blood)
71
Lipid inclusion
| (Adipose Connective Tissue)
72
Loose connective tissue
| (Transitional epithelium)
73
Lumen of spongy urethra
| (Stratified columnar epithelium)
74
Lumen
| (Stratified cuboidal epithelium)
75
Lumen
| (Transitional epithelium)
76
Lumen of collecting duct
| (Simple cuboidal epithelial)
77
Lumen of trachea
| (Pseudostratified columnar epithelial)
78
Macrophage
| (Reticular Connective Tissue)
79
Marrow cavity
| (Spongy bone)
80
Mast cell and granules
| (Areolar connective tissue)
81
Matrix
* Matrix consists of water, polysaccharides, and protein fibers
* 3 types of fibers in connective tissue
* Collagen
* Made of the protein collagen
* Arranged in parallel and are extremely strong
* Reticular
* Made of the protein collagen
* Arranged in a network that resists forces from many directions
* Elastic fibers
* Made of the protein elastin
* Can be stretched and then can return to their original size (elasticity)
82
Microvilli (brush border)
(Simple columnar epithelial - nonciliated)
83
Nervous tissue (general view)
84
Nucleus of skeletal muscle fiber
| (Skeletal muscle)
85
Nucleus of adipocyte
| (Adipose Connective Tissue)
86
Nucleus
| (Stratified cuboidal epithelium)
87
Nucleus of basal cell
| (Pseudostratified columnar epithelial)
88
Nucleus of cardiac muscle fiber
| (Cardiac muscle)
89
Nucleus of columnar epithelial cell
(Simple columnar epithelial - nonciliated)
90
Nucleus of columnar epithial cell
| (Simple columnar epithelial - ciliated)
91
Nucleus of cuboidal epithelial
| (Simple cuboidal epithelial)
92
Nucleus of cuboidal epithelial cell
| (Simple squamous epithelial)
93
Nucleus of endothelial cell
| (Areolar connective tissue)
94
Nucleus of fibroblast
| (Areolar connective tissue)
95
Nucleus of fibroblast
| (Dense irregular connective tissue)
96
Nucleus of fibroblast
| (Dense Regular Connective Tissue)
97
Nucleus of squamous cell
(Stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized)
98
Nucleus of squamous epithelial
| (Simple squamous epithelial)
99
Osteocyte in lacuna
| (Compact bone)
100
Osteon
| (Compact bone)
101
Parts of the skin
* Epidermis
* Dermis
102
Peg cell
| (Simple columnar epithelial - ciliated)
103
Perichondrium
| (Elastic cartilage)
104
Perichondrium
| (Hyaline cartilage)
105
Platelet
| (Blood)
106
Pseudostratified columnar epithelial
| (Pseudostratified columnar epithelial)
107
Reticular fiber
| (Reticular Connective Tissue)
108
Sebaceous Gland
* Dermis
* Epidermis
* Hair follicle
* Sebaceous gland
109
Simple columnar epithelial - ciliated
| (Simple columnar epithelial - ciliated)
110
Simple columnar epithelial - nonciliated
(Simple columnar epithelial - nonciliated)
111
Simple cuboidal epithelial
| (Simple cuboidal epithelial)
112
Simple cuboidal epithelial
| (Simple squamous epithelial)
113
Simple cuboidal epithelial (tangential section)
(Simple cuboidal epithelial)
114
Simple squamous epithelial
115
Smooth muscle (general view)
116
Squamous cell
| (Simple squamous epithelial)
117
Squamous cell (with nucleus)
(Stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized)
118
Squamous cell without nucleus
(Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized)
119
Stratified columnar epithelial
| (Stratified columnar epithelium)
120
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
| (Stratified cuboidal epithelium)
121
Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized
(Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized)
122
Stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized
(Stratified squamous epithelium - nonkeratinized)
123
Stratum basale
(Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized)
124
Stratum corneum
(Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized)
125
Stratum granulosum
(Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized)
126
Stratum spinosum
(Stratified squamous epithelium - keratinized)
127
Subcutaneous layer
## Footnote
*(aka hypodermis later)*
* A layer containing fat (adipose tissue) and other connective tissue that separates the skin from the underlying muscle layer
128
Sudoriferous glands
129
Thick skin
* Dermis
* Epidermis
130
Thin skin
* Dermis
* Epidermis
* Hair follicle
* Sebaceous gland
131
Trabecula
| (Spongy bone)
132
Transitional epithelium
| (Transitional epithelium)
133
Tunica intima of elastic
| (Elastic connective tissue)
134
Tunica media of elastic
| (Elastic connective tissue)
135
136
137
Venule
| (Stratified cuboidal epithelium)
