Lab Midterm Flashcards by morgan foisy

osculars

eye parts of microscope

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focusing knob

corse/fine adjustment

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condenser adjustement

keep at highest point

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diaphragm

controls amount of light into condenser

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Condenser

focuses light on object

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objectives

(4x,10x, 40x, 100x)

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eyepiece adjustment

on top

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magnification of drawing (actual)

size of drawing/ size of object

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diameter of field of view (drawing/ actual)

field of view / # fit across

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cells combine to form

tissues

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tissues combine to make

organism

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three main parts of cell

nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane

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flagella serves as

locomotory

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cilia

moves substances away from cell or along its surface

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longitudinal

divides body into left and right halves( back and front)

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oblique

oblique angle (not parallel to sagittal or transverse)

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cervical

neck

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lumbar

lower region

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thoracic

chest

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cytoplasm is

aqueous solution where solutes are dissolved or suspended

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diffusion

(conc. gradient) high to low

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polar molecules

like water pass through polar membrane

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non-polar

do not diffuse across dialysis tubing

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diffusion of water across SPM is

osmosis

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osmosis

involves channel proteins (aquaporins)

why did the solution turn blue?

starch is a large molecule and when iodine and starch mix the solution turns blue

what happend to liver solution

began expand and "swell" because H2O2 is small molecule and can move into the cell wheere catalase breaks apart into H2O and O2. Then oxygen can not leave cell (non-polar).

water will move into cells 2,3,4 and will make them

weigh more

if isotonic then the weight

bounces back and forth

sucrose can not

cross membrane(too big molecule)

net movement of water molecules

hypotonic and move from high to low conc.

complex/multicellular organisms are

comprised of many types of cells

prokaryotic

no membrane bound organelles

Eukaryotic

membrane bound organelles (nucleus)

tissues

group of similar cells and intracellular substances

4 primary tissue types:

muscle, nervous, epithelial, connective (embryonic 5th...)

epithelial

covers/lines all surfaces

squamous

flat, large

cubodial

cubed-like (short)

culomnar

tall, cylindrical

pseudostratified columnar

trachea (cilated)

transitional epithelium

squamous, cuboidal (urinary bladder)

connective tissue (4 types)

connect things, support, movement, protection, insulation, transport.

Loose connective (3)

areolar, adipose, reticular

areolar

randomly orientated fibres. (skin). protection. fibroblasts

adipose

large, rounded. fat storage (under breasts) fibroblasts.

reticular

organized fibres. support. (spleen) binds together soft organs

Dense connective (below epidermis) 3 types

regular, irregular, elastic

regular

fibres run parallel to each other. (tendons/ligaments). lig.-> bone to bone. tend.-> bone to lig.

irregular

dermis of skin

elastic dense.

rounded columnar. support. (blood vessel tunic)

cartilage (4)

hyaline, fibrocartilage,elastic, articular. (one kind of cell called chondrocytes and contains collagen fibres)

hyaline

(nose) costal. speratic fibres. provides flexible support.

fibrocartilage

intervertebral discs

elastic cartilage.

pinna of ear

articular

sub type of hyaline. joints, slippery

bone

compact, spongy, (one cell osteocytes)

where are osteocytes found

lucanae

haematology

study of blood

hemostasis

first stage of wound healing

blood has : (2)

erythrocyte, leukocyte

lumallae

rings in bone tissue

http://learningtosavetheearth.com/wpimages/wp80a1d4ab_05.jpg

skeletal

E: Lung 1

simple squamous. absoprtion, secretion (one layer/ flattened)

E: skin

stratified squamous. protection

E: kidney

simple cuboidal. secretion

E: Intestine

simple columnar with brush border. absorption, secretion of mucus.

E: Lung 2

simple ciliated columnar. secretion, cilia propel mucus

E: Urinary bladder

transitional. contract and expand

E: trachea

pseudostratified ciliated columnar. secretion, absorption

vascular connective tissue

red & white blood cells. transport oxygen throughout body.

5 types of leukocytes (rbc's)

neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, basophil

neutrophil

phagocytes. engulf / digest bacteria.

lymphocytes

immune response

monocyte

phagocytes/macrophage. big cells. macrophages at infection site.

eosinophil

fight parasitic worms / reduce inflammation.

basophils

release histamine and prevent clots via heparin

transfusion

transfer of blood from one person to the other

PVC

PVC=3 x [Hb]g/dL

RBC

number of cells counted x 200 / 0.02 mm^3

which tests did you perform that were related to oxygen carrying capacity

sample of blood centrifuged with the volume of packed cells and volume of plasma.