Laboratory Cards Flashcards
(128 cards)
2
Q
these are the same as nostrils and are for breathing
A
nares
3
Q
a heart with four chambers means the animal is blank but a heart with fewer than four chambers means the animal is blank
A
endothermic, ectothermic
4
Q
a feature that is common only to birds
A
air sacs in bones
5
Q
pigeons do not have blank because they do not eat fat
A
gallbladders
6
Q
in pigs, the pancreas is special because it fits into these two systems
A
endocrine and digestive
7
Q
the glottis allows air to enter the blank
A
trachea
8
Q
the esophagus allows food to enter the blank
A
stomach
9
Q
how many chambered heart of frog
A
3
10
Q
how many chambered heart of pig
A
4
11
Q
The blank leads to the nasal passages
A
nasopharynx
12
Q
without this, food would enter the trachea when swallowing
A
epiglottis
13
Q
Three functions of the liver
A
remove poisonous substances, regulate cholesterol levels, make bile
14
Q
What does gallbladder do?
A
stores bile made by the liver and aids in digesting fats
15
Q
Which ventricle of the heart is more muscular?
A
left because pumps heart throughout body
16
Q
pulmonary veins carry
A
oxygen
17
Q
major vein in head
A
jugular
18
Q
major artery in head
A
carotid
19
Q
major artery and vein in arms
A
subclavian
20
Q
major artery and vein in kidney
A
renal
21
Q
major artery and vein in legs
A
iliac
22
Q
organ used in human males to carry sperm and urine
A
urethra
23
Q
right side of heart pumps blood to
A
lungs
24
Q
left side of heart pumps blood to
A
body
25
Q
human blood cells are blank that frog’s
A
bigger
26
fish scales blank
vary
27
important parts of heart (10)
aorta, superior vena cava (head and shoulders), pulmonary arteries, L/R atrium, L/R ventricle, inferior vena cava (legs), bicuspid valve (left), tricuspid valve (right), semilunar valves, septum
28
blood movement through the heart
head and feet blood go to the inferior vena cava then into the right atrium then into the right ventricle then into the pulmonary artery then into the lungs then into the pulmonary veins then into the left atrium then into the left ventricle then into the aorta
29
two functions of lungs in homeostasis
pH maintenance and waste removal of CO2
30
Three homeostatic organs
lungs, kidney, liver
31
two functions of liver in homeostasis
maintain glucose levels and convert NH2 to urea
32
four functions of kidney in homeostasis
regulate pH, excrete excess glucose, excrete nitrogenous waste, regulate blood volume
33
four types of epithelial tissue
simple squamous, pseudostratified ciliated columnar, simple cuboidal, simple columnar
34
location of simple squamous
lungs
35
location of pseudostratified ciliated columnar
trachea
36
location of simple cuboidal
kidney
37
location of simple columnar
small intestine
38
three types of muscle tissue
cardiac, smooth, skeletal
39
location of cardiac muscle
heart
40
location of smooth muscle
digestive tract
41
location of skeletal muscle
muscles attached to skeleton
42
type of tissue that conducts nerve impulses
nervous tissue
43
5 types of connective tissue
blood, adipose, bone, cartilage, dense fibrous
44
location of stratified squamous epithelial tissue
epidermis
45
location of adipose tissue
beneath skin
46
location of cartilage tissue
nose
47
location of dense fibrous tissue
tendons and ligaments
48
most important homeostatic organ
kidney
49
how many nephrons in kidney
1 million
50
ball of capillaries in kidney
glomerulus
51
cup that holds the glomerulus and where filtrate is made
bowman's capsule
52
what goes into the glomerulus
water, salt, urea, sugar, amino acids
53
this is below the bowman's capsule and takes back sugar and amino acid
proximal tubule
54
this is the loop that regulates hypo and hypertonic
loop of Henle
55
dilluted in the kidney solution
hypotonic
56
concentrated in the kidney solution
hypertonic
57
skeletal muscle is blank whereas cardiac muscle is blank and has blank
not branched, branched, intercalated discs
58
three functions of epithelial tissue
protect, absorb, secrete
59
three functions of connective tissue
binds, protects, supports
60
two types of muscle tissue
voluntary and involuntary
61
three types of epithelial tissue
simple, cuboidal, columnar
62
function of simple epithelial tissue
exchange materials
63
function of cuboidal epithelial tissue
absorption
64
function of columnar epithelial tissue
protect, absorb, secrete
65
appearance of skeletal muscle
striated and not branched
66
appearance of smooth muscle
spindle
67
appearance of cardiac muscle
striated and branced
68
how to recognize slide of bone
concentric rings
69
stratified means
layered
70
squamous means
flattened
71
epithelium means
continuous layer
72
equilibrium of body's internal environments
homeostasis
73
blank ventricle creates the 120 in normal blood pressure
systole
74
blank ventricles create the 80 in normal blood pressure
diastole
75
how do kidneys maintain blood pressure
reabsorb salt and water which maintains blood pressure and volume
76
three steps in urine formation
filtration, reabsorption, tubular secretion
77
substance in filtrate but not in urine
sugar
78
is glucose reabsorbed in kidneys?
yes
79
glucose in urine could mean
diabetes
80
flagellated cell that moves water
choanocyte
81
phylum with a simple tubular gut lined by an epithelial membrane
nematoda
82
blank is released into the blood to store the acquired nutrients
glucagon
83
five main parts of brain
medulla oblongata, pons, cerebellum, cerebrum, corpus callosum
84
relays signals to the brain
pons
85
balance and smooth movement in brain
cerebellum
86
voluntary functions in brain
medulla oblongata
87
intelligence and memory in the brain
cerebrum
88
connects left side to right side in brain
corpus callosum
89
order of nervous signals when pricked with a pin
stimulus, receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
90
eight important parts of eye
sclera, cornea, choroid, retina, fovea centralis, lens, pupil, optic nerve
91
protects and supports eyeball
sclera
92
refracts light rays in eyeball
cornea
93
absorbs stray light rays in eyeball
choroid
94
contains receptors for sight in eyeball
retina
95
makes acute vision possible in eyeball
fovea centralis
96
refracts and focuses light rays in eyeball
lens
97
admits light in eyeball
pupil
98
transmits impulses to brain in eyeball
optic nerve
99
six important parts of ear
pinna, auditory canal, tympanic membrane, auditory tube, semicircular canals, cochlea
100
collects sound waves in ear
pinna
101
filters air in ears
auditory canal
102
amplifies sound waves in ear
tympanic membrane
103
equalizes air pressure in ear
auditory tube
104
rotational equilibrium in ear
semicircular canals
105
hearing in ear
cochlea
106
two important structures in outer ear
pinna, auditory canal
107
two important structures in middle ear
tympanic membrane, auditory tube
108
two important structures in inner ear
semicircular canals, cochlea
109
gray color and butterfly shape that has interneurons
matter of spinal cord
110
a series of concentric rings are called blank
lamellae
111
a series of concentric rings called lamellae
osteons (haversian system)
112
the blank of hyaline cartilage has cavites scattered throughout the matrix which contains chondrocytes
lacunae
113
the blank of hyaline cartilage has a material that is more flexible because it consists primarily of protein
matrix
114
if a muscle contraction produces movement it is a blank contraction
isotonic
115
if a muscle contraction does not produce movement it is blank
isometric
116
two things in a compact bone
lacunae and canaliculi
117
bones that make up the pectoral girdle of humans
clavicles and scapula
118
bones that protect the thoracic cavity
ribs, sternum, vertebrae
119
mononucleus muscle
smooth
120
multinucleated muscles
cardiac, skeletal
121
when glycerinated muscles shorten, what happens microscopically
actin filaments are sliding past myosin filaments
122
chain of zygote development
zygote, morula, blastula, gastrula, embryo
123
does growth occur during cleavage
no
124
the unpigmented, yolky side of the fertilized egg is called the blank
vegetal pole
125
the black side that contains very little yolk is called the blank in the fertilized egg
animal pole
126
animal or vegetal contain larger cells
vegetal
127
skin, hair, nails, and nerves make up the
ectoderm
128
circulatory system, muscle, bones make up the
mesoderm
129
digestive tract, and respiratory linings make up the blank
endoderm
