Laboratory Safety and Waste Management Flashcards by Zaide, Caenia Danka

This organization ensure safe and healthful working conditions for worker by setting and enforcing standards.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

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A federal agency that conducts and supports health promotion, prevention, and preparedness activities.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

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Organization that provides the guidelines for writing standard procedures and policies.

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)

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A source or a situation with a potential for causing harm.

Hazard

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This type of hazard is because of a chemical substance such as formalin that could irritate the eyes.

Chemical hazard

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This is the potential that a chosen action will lead to an underside outcome.

Risk

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Risk = ______ + Situation/Action

Hazard

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This is the transmission of the agent from its reservoir through the portal of exit then enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host.

Chain of infection

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This is developed by all healthcare facilities to control and monitor the infections occurring within the facilities.

Infection control

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This component of chain of infection pertains to viruses, parasites, fungi, bacteria, and prion.

Infectious Agent

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Infectious disease can be carried by humans, animals, insects, and fomites. They are called?

Reservoir

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Give examples of portal of exit.

Nose, mouth, mucous membranes, and specimen collection

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This is the term where the disease could be droplet, airborne, contact, vector, and vehicle.

Means of transmission

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This is usually similar to portal of exit.

Portal of entry

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These are the usually the patients, elderly, bee orbs, immuno-compromised individuals, and health care workers.

Susceptible Host

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How to break the link of reservoir?

Disinfection and hand hygiene

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How to break the link of means of transmission?

Hand hygiene, safety precautions, PPE, and patient isolation

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How to break the link of portal of exit?

Sealed bio hazardous waste containers
Sealed specimen containers
Hand hygiene
Standard precautions

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How to break the link of portal of entry?

Hand hygiene, standard precautions, PPE, and sterile equipment

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How to break the link of susceptible host?

Immunizations, patient isolation, nursery precautions, and healthy lifestyle

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This is a universal precaution.

Hand hygiene

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This was created in 1987, for blood-borne pathogens.

Universal Precautions

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What are the blood borne pathogens included in universal precaution?

Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Hepatitis B Virus

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Wearing ____ and ____ is recommended with visibly bloody specimens according to UP.

Gloves and face shields

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When it comes to handling sharp object you need to have?

Puncture-resistant container

Under UP where it tackles to be safe against all body fluids and moist body substances.

Body Substance Isolation (BSI)

All health workers handling certain body fluids should wear?

Gloves

True or False. According to BSI hand washing is recommended after gloving of contamination is not visible.

False. It is not recommended.

Standard Precaution: the current routine infection control policy is developed by?

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

This is what you immediately do after removing gloves.

Hand washing

This must be worn when handling blood, body fluids, secretion, excretions, and contaminated items.

Gloves

Mucous membrane protection. Must be worn if there is a possible portal of entry for the pathogen.

Mask, Eye Protection, and Face shield

Appropriate for the amount of fluid that could be splashed.

Gown

These objects need to be dispose or sterile as per protocol.

Patient-Care Equipment

Cleaning and disinfection of surfaces.

Environmental Control

Prevent exposure when handling; Handling visible soiled - splash of blood.

Linen

This is when it comes to handling syringes.

Blood-borne pathogens

Isolation if needed.

Patient Placement

Occupational Exposure to Blood-Borne Pathogens Standard are monitored and enforced by?

Occupational and Safety Health Administration (OSHA)

All employees shall practice?

Universal and Standard Precautions

Employer should provide?

PPE (gowns, coats, face and respiratory protection, gloves) and laundry facilities for non-disposables

To prohibits needle recapping they should provide?

Sharps disposal

What are the prohibited actions in a working area?

Eating, drinking, smoking, and applying cosmetics

All hazardous materials should be?

Labeled

What color of bags for discarding EDTA tubes, bloods?

Yellow plastic bags

True or False. Empty containers can be discarded in biologically hazardous waste since urine itself can be discarded in the sink.

False. can be discarded in NON-biologically hazardous waste

There should be free immunization for?

Hepatitis B Virus

Disinfectant protocol should be done how often?

Daily

Household bleach should be diluted 1:10. Where 1 part is _____ and 10 parts is ______?

1 part: sodium hypochlorite. 10 parts: water (usually distilled).

Provide medical follow-up for workers exposed to?

Blood-borne pathogens

True or False. Regular employee safety training should be documented.

True.

What is the incident called if a person has been exposed to blood-borne pathogens?

Post-Exposure Prophylaxis

What are the three things should be done when there is Post-Exposure Prophylaxis?

- Report the accident immediately to the supervisor. - Testing must be done immediately. - HIV exposure prophylaxis must start within 24 hours and should be checked again after 6 months.

This type of hazard concentrates on the risks related to the analysis of blood, urine, and other body fluids via inhalation, ingestion, direct contact, tactile contamination, or needle insertion.

Biological Hazard

This is a specialized clothing or equipment is worn by employees for protection against infectious materials.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

PPE protect a person from?

- risks in work - prevents entering of mucosal substances - prevents inhalation of airborne pathogens

This PPE protects our skin and prevents soiling of clothes. Requirement: Non-sterile Fluid resistant Rear fastening gowns

Laboratory Gown

This PPE protect non-intact skin if you have bruises, cuts. It is also protection before touching the mucous membrane

Gloves

What type of gloves to avoid?

Latex

If you are wearing gloves do not touch what type of areas?

Open areas

This type of gloves is used for food preparation only.

Polyethylene gloves

This gloves are resistant to puncturing, serve as an optimal barrier against biological contaminants, for janitorial purposes.

Latex gloves

This type of glove is a fabric type, protect against soils, flames, heat, and other environmental situations, usually used for high risk only and allergies with latex are present.

Neoprene gloves

This type of gloves usually used in the laboratory for short term, alternative for latex gloves, for janitorial purposes in handling waste.

Vinyl gloves

This gloves are usually used in the laboratory, high quality replacement for latex gloves.

Nitrile gloves

This PPE protects your face from splashes and mucous membrane. It needs to be Fitted and Fluid-resistant.

Face Protection

The single most effective way to prevent the spread of infections.

Hand Washing

How many steps are there for Hand Washing?

This step "Wet hands with warm water." is no.?

This step "Dry with a paper towel." is no.?

This step "Clean between fingers/thumbs and up to the wrist." is no.?

This step "Apply soap." is no.?

This step "Turn off the faucet with a paper towel." is no.?

This step is "Rub, create friction, loosen debris." no.?

This step is "Rinse in a downward position." no.?

Steps 3 and 4 of hand washing should be done for how long?

20 seconds

This hazard includes sharp objects in the laboratory including needles, lancets, broken glassware, syringes.

Sharps Hazard

True or False. Physical Hazard poses a serious threat regarding HBV, HIV as these are blood-borne pathogens.

False. Sharps Hazard

This contains the physical and chemical properties, flammability, reactivity, health hazards, emergency first aid procedures, and methods for safe handling and disposal.

Material Safety Data Sheets

Chemical Hygiene Plan is written by?

Occupational and Safety Health Administration

These are attached to containers that could be Poison, corrosive, carcinogenic.

Hazard Labels

A term which means it could ignite fire upon exposure to oxygen (metal hydride, metal carbonyls, gases).

Pyrophorics

These hazards are usually encountered in the radiology department.

Radioactive Hazards

The amount of radiation in the laboratory setting is ______, but radiation effects are ________.

minute cumulative

The danger of electrocution in the laboratory is great due to the presence of multiple electrical equipment.

Electrical Hazard

Which statement/s is not true? Do not operate machines with dry hands. Monitor electrical equipment closely. Wet equipment should be allowed to dry first before plugging it in. All equipment must be grounded with two-pronged plugs.

Do not operate machines with dry(wet) hands. All equipment must be grounded with two(three)-pronged plugs.

These hazards may lead to electrocution.

Fire and Explosive Hazard

What is RACE?

RescueAlertContainExtinguish

What is PASS?

PullAimSqueezeSweep

The fire involves electrical and can only be extinguish by dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, or halon. What class is this?

Class C

The fire is Class K which means it may involve grease, oils, or fats. What is/are the extinguisher?

Liquid designed to prevent splashing and cool the fire.

Dry chemicals as extinguisher are what classes?

Class ABC

This degree of burn affects your dermis and epidermis.

Second Degree Burn

Repetitive tasks performed in the laboratory can put stress on the body causing disorders in posture/position.

Ergonomic Hazards

The following are example of what type of hazard? Running in rooms and hallways Wet floors Lifting heavy ob

Physical Hazards

This is defined as special waste from healthcare facilities that if improperly treated or handled, “may transmit infectious diseases.”

Medical waste

Which of the following is/are not true about Biohazardous waste consideration: Must be placed in a bag marked with a biohazard symbol. Then, placed in a puncture-proof container with a loose lid. Needles should be transported, bent, or destroyed by hand. Contaminated combustible waste can be incinerated. Glassware should be autoclaved first after being discarded.

Then, placed in a puncture-proof container with a loose(tight) lid. Needles should (not) be transported, bent, or destroyed by hand. Glassware should be autoclaved first after(before) being discarded.

Laboratory Safety and Waste Management Flashcards

(97 cards)