LEC6 - MAGNESIUM

Question 1

is the fourth most abundant cation in
the body and second most abundant intracellular ion second to potassium

Answer 1

MAGNESIUM

Question 2

It has an important role in membrane stabilization, nerve
conduction, and ion transport and calcium channel activity

Answer 2

MAGNESIUM

Question 3

____ loop is the major renal regulatory site of magnesium

Answer 3

Henle’s loop

Question 4

in loop of henly, where_____ of filtered Mg2+ is reabsorbed in the ASCENDING limb.

Answer 4

50% to 60%

Question 5

In addition, ____ is reabsorbed in the distal convoluted
tubule (DCT)

Answer 5

2% to 5%

Question 6

Renal threshold for Mg2+ is approximately ____
mmol/L (1.46–2.07 mg/dL)

Answer 6

0.60–0.85

Question 7

____% of Mg2+ in the body is found in bone

Answer 7

53%

Question 8

46% % of magnesium are found in

Answer 8

,muscle and soft tissues

Question 9

how many percent are in serum

Answer 9

1%

Question 10

less than 1% is present in serum and RBCs

▪ Of the Mg2+ present in serum, about 1/3 is
bound to ___

Answer 10

protein, primarily albumin.

Question 11

of the 2/3 of the 1%, 61% are free or ionized and the 5% are complexed with other ions such as PO4 and citrate

correwt?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

magnesium is a co factor of what component in PCR

Answer 12

cofactor of Taq DNA polymerase

Question 13

effect of magnesium in potassium levels

Answer 13

loss of Mg leads to decreased Intracellular K levels

bestie yan sila eh, pareho silang nasa loob. So kapag wala o kulang si Mg sa loob, ganun din gagawin ni K, aalis din siya sa loob

Question 14

it is an enzyme activator and important in maintaning the structure of nucleic acids and ribosomes, as well as the synthesis of organic compounds

Answer 14

Mg

Question 15

facial/eye twitching means

Answer 15

low magnesium

Question 16

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) _______ the renal reabsorption of Mg2+ and enhances the absorption of Mg2+
in the intestine.

Answer 16

increases

Question 17

releationship of calcium and magnesium when it comes to PTH

Answer 17

directly as they are both absorbed/reabsorbed in accordance to PTH

maraming friend si Mg.

Bukod kay K intracellulary, si calcium din when it comes to reabsorption

Question 18

effect of aldosterone and thyroxine to Magnesium

Answer 18

kung si calcium, K, at PTH friend ni Mg.

kaaway naman niya si ALDOSTERONE and THYROXINE

aldosterone promotes renal excretion of Mg

Question 19

opposite effect of PTH in the
kidney, increasing the renal excretion of Mg2+

Answer 19

Aldosterone and thyroxine

Question 20

The overall regulation of body Mg2+ is controlled largely by what organ

Answer 20

kidney

Question 21

_____ is reabsorbed by the proximal
convoluted tubule (PCT)

Answer 21

25% to 30%

Question 22

Normally, only about _____% of filtered Mg2+ is excreted in the
urine per day

Answer 22

6%

Question 23

It is a condition with high level of serum magnesium.

Answer 23

HYPERMAGNASEMIA

Question 24

is HYPERMAGNASEMIA rare ?

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

if it's rare, how do we usually get HYPERMAGNASEMIA

Answer 25

iatrogenic due to medication

Question 26

Increase in magnesium ____ the activity of tissues and organs

Answer 26

decreases

Question 27

Dysarthria means

Answer 27

problem with the motor speech

Question 28

Patient is prone to bleeding hyper or hypo???

Answer 28

hypermagnesemia

Question 29

Clinical manifestations include hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression, depressed mental status and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities

Answer 29

hypermagnasemia - kung mapapansin mo lahat lower kasi nga high magnesium decrease organ and tieeur activities

Question 30

Use of drugs with ______ given to patients with eclampsia and cardiac arrhythmia will also have increased magnesium activity

Answer 30

magnesium sulfate

Question 31

It is a condition with low serum magnesium level

Answer 31

HYPOMAGNASEMIA

Question 32

The most common causes of hypomagnesemia are:

Answer 32

Loss of magnesium in the GI tract Diabetes mellitus alcohol stress

Question 33

___is most frequently observed in hospitalized individuals in intensive care units (ICUs) or those receiving diuretic therapy or digitalis therapy

Answer 33

Hypomagnesemia

Question 34

There’s a missing molecule or due to prematurity making the reabsorption not efficient. Primary congenital

Answer 34

NEONATAL

Question 35

a diuretics that causes hypomagnasemia due to prolonged used

Answer 35

thiazides

Question 36

a diuretics that causes hypomagnasemia due to fast effect

Answer 36

furocimides

Question 37

antibiotics causing hypomagnasemia

Answer 37

gentamicin cyclosporin digoxin

Question 38

why gentamicin cyclosporin digoxin induces hypomagnasemia?

Answer 38

promotes excretion of Mg

Question 39

EXCESS LACTATION causes

Answer 39

hypomagnasemia because baby will get the Mg

Question 40

ref method of Mg

Answer 40

AAS

Question 41

the frequent method used today for MG

Answer 41

photometric method analyzers

Question 42

colorimetric method analyzers uses dyes, what are those

Answer 42

Calmagite dye Formazan dye ??? Magon titan yellow methylthymol blue

Question 43

most frequently sued dye in photometric assay for MG

Answer 43

titan yellow

Question 44

ion selective electrode measures

Answer 44

intracellular magnesium

Question 45

reference method for Mg

Answer 45

AAS