Lecture #10

Question 1

do lots of cells dye during development

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

how many cells are typically lost during development

Answer 2

20-60%

Question 3

what do neurotropic factors promote

Answer 3

survival

Question 4

deprivation of neurotropic factors promote what

Answer 4

cell death in neurons

Question 5

do neurotropic factors suppress apoptosis

Answer 5

yes

Question 6

what are the 4 features of apoptosis

Answer 6

cell shrinkage
the condensation of chromatin
cellular fragmentation
phagocytocis

Question 7

what is programmed cell death called

Answer 7

apoptosis

Question 8

is apoptosis the same as trauma

Answer 8

no

Question 9

programmed cell death is usually done by

Answer 9

apoptosis

Question 10

in apoptosis what happens to the chormatin

Answer 10

it becomes condensed and aggregates into shapes called apoptotic bodies or blebs

Question 11

what is the name of the process in the chromatin becomes very condensed and aggregated in cresent shapes at the nuclear membrane

Answer 11

pyknosis

Question 12

t/f apoptosis is the same as necrotic cell death

Answer 12

false

Question 13

what causes necrotic cell death

Answer 13

injury or trauma

Question 14

describe necrosis

Answer 14

results from acute traumatic injury and involves lysis of cellular membrane

Question 15

does necrosis activate the endogenous cell death program

Answer 15

no

Question 16

what is autophagy

Answer 16

when lysosomes degrade all of a cells components

Question 17

name a characterisic of necrosis

Answer 17

the organelles swell

Question 18

is BAX pro or anti

Answer 18

pro

Question 19

is BCL2 pro or anti

Answer 19

anti

Question 20

what are the ultimate effectors of death

Answer 20

caspases

Question 21

once casepase are activated is it possible to stp the effect

Answer 21

no

Question 22

when something binds to BCL2 will cell death occur

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

when nothing binds to BCL2 will cell death occur

Answer 23

no

Question 24

what is Apaf-1

Answer 24

the apoptosis activating factor

Question 25

if smac is released will cell death occur

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

BCL-2 .....The activity of caspases by interacting directly with ...

Answer 26

prevents ...Apaf-1

Question 27

if Apaf-1 is activated will cell death occur

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

name 2 alternative ways that caspases can get activated

Answer 28

dna damage and severe o2 loss (anoxia)

Question 29

what is the name of the final executors of apoptotic cell death

Answer 29

caspases

Question 30

what cells die developmentally

Answer 30

progenitor cells in the ventricular zone

Question 31

does target size play a role in cell death

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

t/f survival correlates with target size

Answer 32

true

Question 33

another name for survival promoting factors are

Answer 33

neurotrophins

Question 34

what is the significance of NGF in snake venom

Answer 34

it is a survival factor

Question 35

NGF is in the the family of ..

Answer 35

neurotrophins

Question 36

what happens if you get rid of NGF

Answer 36

if you get rid of it 90% of neurons die

Question 37

what do peripheral neurons depend on for survival

Answer 37

NGF/Trka or NT-3/Trkc

Question 38

what do central neurons depend on for survival

Answer 38

BDNF /TRKb

Question 39

what do BDNF / tRKb plat a role in during adulthood

Answer 39

process growth, synapse formation and plasticity

Question 40

if proNGF binds to P75 what will occur

Answer 40

cell death

Question 41

t/f NGF is both pro and anti apoptotic

Answer 41

true

Question 42

t/f p75 tends to induce apoptosis

Answer 42

True

Question 43

what is the role of afferents

Answer 43

they can inhibit apoptosis

Question 44

activation of the NMDAR is important for target survival

Answer 44

TRUE

Question 45

T/F does depolarization increase survival

Answer 45

true

Question 46

name 3 pro survival cytokines

Answer 46

TNF, CSF and CNTF

Question 47

Name 3 antisurvical cytokines

Answer 47

TGF , GDNF and sex hormones