Lecture 17

Question 1

heterotroph

Answer 1

organically sourced carbon

Question 2

autotroph

Answer 2

CO2 as carbon source

Question 3

-litho-

Answer 3

inorganic electron source

Question 4

-organo-

Answer 4

organic electron source

Question 5

chemosynthesis

Answer 5

chemolithoautotrophy

when inorganic compounds are used as energy and electron source

this kind of carbon fixation supports entire ecosystems

Question 6

terminal electron acceptor

Answer 6

final molecule in an ETC to receive electrons

Question 7

anabolism

Answer 7

metabolic processes that build complex molecules from simple ones
- requires some form of energy input

Question 8

catabolism

Answer 8

set of metabolic processes that breakdown complex molecules into simpler ones - releasing energy

Question 9

phototrophy

Answer 9

mode of metabolism where organisms take in light using pigments to drive cellular processes

Question 10

tec

Answer 10

terminal electron acceptor

The molecule that receives electrons at the end of the electron transport chain (ETC) in cellular respiration.

Question 11

fermentation

Answer 11

anaerobic metabolism process.

organisms generate energy (ATP) by converting organic compounds, typically sugars, into simpler products like alcohol, acids, or gases, without using oxygen.

Question 12

pmf

Answer 12

proton-motive force

Question 13

metagenome

Answer 13

The collective genetic material of all microorganisms (bacteria, archaea, viruses, fungi, etc.) present in a specific environment or habitat

Question 14

metabarcoding

Answer 14

identifying species by short sequences of their dna

Question 15

metagenomics

Answer 15

studying genetic material extracted directly from the environment - no need for organism culturing

Question 16

lokiarchaea

Answer 16

an archaeal group monophyletic with eukaryotes

apart of the broader group : asgard archaea

Question 17

metagenomics / metabarcoding and exploring human gut microbiome

Answer 17

extensive unexplored diversity microbiome diversity