Lecture 17

Question 1

Cells that have one full set (copy) of all chromosomes are _________

Answer 1

Haploid (N)

Question 2

Cells that have 2 sets (copies) of all chromosomes are _______

Answer 2

Diploid (2N)

Question 3

Cells have 3 sets (copies) of all chromosomes are _______.

Answer 3

Triploid (3N)

Question 4

Cells that 4 have sets of chromosomes are _______.

Answer 4

Tetraploid (4N)

Question 5

are life cycles a sexual or asexual process?

Answer 5

sexual

Question 6

what are the two steps of eukaryotic cell divison?

Answer 6

nuclear division and cytoplasmic division

Question 7

the nuclear division step of eukaryotic cell division includes what processes?

Answer 7

mitosis and meiosis

Question 8

the cytoplasmic division step of eukaryotic cell division includes what processes?

Answer 8

cytokincaia

Question 9

Nuclear division resulting in two cells, each with nuclear genetic material identical to the original cell

Answer 9

mitosis

Question 10

is there a change in chromosome number in mitosis?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

is there a change in ploidy in mitisos?

Answer 11

no, ploidy remains the same the entire time (2N–> 2N+2N or N–> N+N)

Question 12

Nuclear division that results in four cells, each with only 1/2 the genetic information of the original cell, and each with a different subset of the genetic material in the original cell.

Answer 12

Meiosis

Question 13

what is an example of a ploidy change in meiosis

Answer 13

2N–>N+N+N+N

Question 14

what kind of cells are formed by mitosis?

Answer 14

vegetative cells
Reproductive cells
Spores
gametes

Question 15

can gametes undergo fertilization

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

can spores under go fertilization?

Answer 16

no, only mitosis

Question 17

syngamy

Answer 17

fertilization

Question 18

what kind of cells are formed by mitosis?

Answer 18

Reproductive cells
Spores
gametes

Question 19

how many types (styles) of life cycle are there?

Answer 19

3

Question 20

how do the different types of life cycles differ from each other?

Answer 20

•Differ in timing of meiosis and mitosis.
•Differ in ploidy of free-living stage(s).
(diploid, haploid, both)

Question 21

what is the ploidy of a gamete?

Answer 21

N

Question 22

what is the ploidy of a zygote?

Answer 22

2N

Question 23

what is the ploidy of the cells produced by meiosis?

Answer 23

N

Question 24

what is the ploidy of the cells produced by fertilization

Answer 24

2N

Question 25

what are the different forms of gametes that we see in nature?

Answer 25

Isogamy, anisogamy, oogamy

Question 26

Isogamy

Answer 26

both gametes are identical in size and both are motile by flagella.

Question 27

Anisogamy

Answer 27

gametes are different sizes, both gametes are motile by flagella.

Question 28

Oogamy

Answer 28

large non-motile egg, smaller motile sperm.

Question 29

is the haploid or diploid phase dominant in a diplontic life cycle

Answer 29

the diploid phases

Question 30

which phase is multicellular and free living in a diplontic life cycle

Answer 30

the diploid phases

Question 31

what produces gametes in a diplontic life cycle

Answer 31

meiosis

Question 32

are there spores in a diplontic life cycle?

Answer 32

no

Question 33

what kind of organisms undergo gametic meiosis?

Answer 33

animals, some protists, and algae

Question 34

is the haploid or diploid phase dominant in a haplontic life cycle

Answer 34

the haploid phase

Question 35

describe the haploid phase of a haplontic life cycle

Answer 35

- Multicellular - long lived - Free living

Question 36

what is the diploid stage of a haplontic life cycle

Answer 36

a zygote

Question 37

what kind of meiosis does an organisms that has a haploid life cycle undergo

Answer 37

zygotic meiosis

Question 38

what produces spores in an organism with a haplontic life cycle

Answer 38

meiosis

Question 39

what produces gametes in an organism with a haplontic life cycle

Answer 39

mitosis

Question 40

what kind of organisms have zygotic meiosis

Answer 40

fungi, some algae

Question 41

which stage of the sporic life cycle is free living and usually multicellular

Answer 41

both the haploid phase and diploid phase

Question 42

what kind of meiosis does an organisms that has a sporic life cycle undergo

Answer 42

sporic meiosis

Question 43

what does meiosis produce in organisms with a sporic life cycle

Answer 43

spores

Question 44

what does mitosis produce in organisms with a sporic life cycle

Answer 44

gametes

Question 45

which type or life cycle has an alteration of generations

Answer 45

a sporic life cycle

Question 46

what are the variations of the sporic life cycle

Answer 46

isomorphic generations | heteromorphic generation

Question 47

what are isomorphic generations

Answer 47

sporophyte and gametophyte look similar

Question 48

what is a gametophyte?

Answer 48

the gamete producing stage (N)

Question 49

what is a sporophyte?

Answer 49

the spore producing stage (2N)

Question 50

what are heteromorphic generations?

Answer 50

the sporophyte and gametophyte look different

Question 51

example of an organism with heteromorphic generations

Answer 51

the laminaria

Question 52

example of an organism with isomorphic generations

Answer 52

the ulva