Lecture 29

Question 1

Briefly, what is the microbiome-diet-immune axis?

Answer 1

microbiome –> trillions of biochemical reactions –> microbial metabolites, short chain fatty acids (butyrate), secondary bile acids, tryptophan derivates

Question 2

What type of cells do secondary bile acids positively regulate? Negatively regulate?

Answer 2

+: Treg
-: Th17

Question 3

What trytophan catabolites from microbiota do?

Answer 3

engage aryl hydrocarbon receptor, balance mucosal reactivity via IL22

Question 4

What kind of transcription factor is Ahr?

Answer 4

ligand activated receptor, responds to environmental stimuli

Question 5

What are Rorc+ cell types? What do they produce? What do they require to function?

Answer 5

MAIT cells, Th17, group 3 innate lymphoid cells
produce IL22
require Ahr activation for function

Question 6

How is vitamin A transported? Why is this important?

Answer 6

turned into retinol, tetramer of serum amyloid A binds retinol and transports
vit A is fat soluble which is difficult to transport