Lecture 3

Question 1

acid

Answer 1

A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution. An acid is low on the pH scale

Question 2

adhesion

Answer 2

The clinging of one substance to another such as water to plant cell walls, by means of hydrogen bonds. (This is how a miniscus is formed in a test tube.

Question 3

base

Answer 3

A substance that reduces the Hydrogen ion concentration. A base has more Hydroxides. It is higher on pH scale.

Question 4

buffer

Answer 4

A solution containing a weak acid & corresponding base. A buffer minimizes changes in pH when acids or bases are added.

Question 5

cohesion

Answer 5

Linking together of like molecules. Often by H-bonds. Related to surface tension.

Question 6

heat

Answer 6

Thermal energy in transfer of one body of matter to another. NOT TEMPERATURE. It is the TOTAL quantity of kinetic energy due to molecular motion.

Question 7

hydrogen ion

Answer 7

Positively charged hydrogen atom. Lost it’s ONLY electron. Happens when H2O splits into OH and H

Question 8

hydrophilic

Answer 8

Having an affinity for water

Question 9

hydrophobic

Answer 9

Having an aversion for water

Question 10

molarity

Answer 10

The measure of a solute concentration. Refers to number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

Question 11

mole (mol)

Answer 11

1 mole = total # of daltons in grams
1 mole = 6.02 x 10^23 molecules
Proton/neutron = 1 dalton

Question 12

pH

Answer 12

A measure of Hydrogen ion concentration

Question 13

polar molecule

Answer 13

Molecule with an uneven distribution of charges in different regions of the Mol’c

Question 14

solute

Answer 14

Substance dissolved in a solution

Question 15

solution

Answer 15

Solvent + Solute = Solution

Question 16

solvent

Answer 16

Dissolving agent of a solution.

Note: Water is most versatile solvent known.

Question 17

temperature

Answer 17

The AVERAGE measure of kinetic energy due molecular movement.